Trial reportSocial psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology2012
The relationships between employment, clinical status, and psychiatric hospitalisation in patients with schizophrenia receiving either IPS or a conventional vocational rehabilitation programme.
Trial report in Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The effectiveness of interventions in reducing economic inactivity for people with long term health conditions and disabilities in the United Kingdom: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- Who benefits from individual placement and support? A meta-analysis.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2022Pooled it
- Interventions for obtaining and maintaining employment in adults with severe mental illness, a network meta-analysis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- A Randomised Controlled Trial of IPS in Severe Mental Disorders: Mental Health, Functional, and Vocational Outcomes in a High-Unemployment Setting.International journal of public health · 2025Trial
- Employment in Personality Disorders and the Effectiveness of Individual Placement and Support: Outcomes from a Secondary Data Analysis.Journal of occupational rehabilitation · 2020Trial
- Individual placement and support and employment in personality disorders: a registry based cohort study.BMC psychiatry · 2022Article
- Improvements in Hope, Engagement and Functioning Following a Recovery-Focused Sub-Acute Inpatient Intervention: a Six-Month Evaluation.The Psychiatric quarterly · 2021Article
- Employment status and desire for work in severe mental illness: results from an observational, cross-sectional study.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2021Observational
- An Integrative Review of Recovery Services to Improve the Lives of Adults Living with Severe Mental Illness.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Review
- Employment among people with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder: A population-based study using nationwide registers.Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica · 2021Article
- Understanding adherence in virally suppressed and unsuppressed human immunodeficiency virus-positive urban patients on second-line antiretroviral treatment.Southern African journal of HIV medicine · 2020Article
- The Factors Affecting the Relationship between Remission Status and Employment in Chronic Schizophrenia Patients.Psychiatry investigation · 2019Article
- An Integrated Recovery-oriented Model (IRM) for mental health services: evolution and challenges.BMC psychiatry · 2017Article
- Implementation of a recovery-oriented model in a sub-acute Intermediate Stay Mental Health Unit (ISMHU).BMC health services research · 2017Article
- Cognitive and Social Functioning Correlates of Employment Among People with Severe Mental Illness.Community mental health journal · 2016Article
- [Psychiatric interventions for the unemployed].Der Nervenarzt · 2016Review
- Financial motivation to work among people with psychiatric disorders.Journal of mental health (Abingdon, England) · 2014Article
- Functional outcomes in schizophrenia: employment status as a metric of treatment outcome.Current psychiatry reports · 2012Review
- Generating Job Recommendations for People With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder Using Gemini 2.0 Flash and Claude Sonnet 4: An Exploratory Analysis.Healthcare technology lettersArticle
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposePositive relationships between employment and clinical status have been found in several studies. However, an unequivocal interpretation of these relationships is difficult on the basis of common statistical methods.
methodsIn this analysis, a structural equation model approach for longitudinal data was applied to identify the direction of statistical relationships between hours worked, clinical status and days in psychiatric hospital in 312 persons with schizophrenia who participated in a multi-centre randomised controlled trial comparing the effectiveness of Individual Placement and Support (IPS) with conventional vocational services in six study settings across Europe. Data were analysed by an autoregressive cross-lagged effects model, an autoregressive cross-lagged model with random intercepts and an autoregressive latent trajectory model.
resultsComparison of model fit parameters suggested the autoregressive cross-lagged effects model to be the best approach for the given data structure. All models indicated that patients who received an IPS intervention spent more hours in competitive employment and, due to indirect positive effects of employment on clinical status, spent fewer days in psychiatric hospitals than patients who received conventional vocational training.
conclusionsResults support the hypothesis that the IPS intervention has positive effects not only on vocational but also on clinical outcomes in patients with schizophrenia.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.