ArticleEnvironmental health : a global access science source2011
The risk of cryptorchidism among sons of women working in horticulture in Denmark: a cohort study.
Article in Environmental health : a global access science source, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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5 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- The epidemiology of cryptorchidism and potential risk factors, including endocrine disrupting chemicals.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Review
- Endocrine disrupting chemicals and reproductive disorders in women, men, and animal models.Advances in pharmacology (San Diego, Calif.) · 2021Article
- Risk factors for cryptorchidism.Nature reviews. Urology · 2017Review
- Developmental origins of male subfertility: role of infection, inflammation, and environmental factors.Seminars in immunopathology · 2016Review
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7 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAndrogens are crucial for normal testicular descent. Studies show that some pesticides have estrogenic or antiandrogenic effects, and that female workers exposed to pesticides have increased risk of having a boy with cryptorchidism. The main objective of the present study was to investigate whether pregnant women exposed to pesticides due to their work in horticulture experience excess risk of having sons with cryptorchidism.
methodsWe conducted a cohort study of pregnant women working in horticulture using four cohorts including one cohort established with data from the departments of occupational medicine in Jutland and Funen and three existing mother-child cohorts (n=1,468). A reference group was established from the entire Danish population of boys born in the period of 1986-2007 (n=783,817). Nationwide Danish health registers provided information on birth outcome, cryptorchidism diagnosis and orchiopexy. The level of occupational exposure to pesticides was assessed by expert judgment blinded towards outcome status. Risk of cryptorchidism among exposed horticulture workers compared to the background population and to unexposed horticulture workers was assessed by Cox regression models.
resultsPesticide exposed women employed in horticulture had a hazard ratio (HR) of having cryptorchid sons of 1.39 (95% CI 0.84; 2.31) and a HR of orchiopexy of 1.34 (0.72; 2.49) compared to the background population. Analysis divided into separate cohorts revealed a significantly increased risk of cryptorchidism in cohort 2: HR 2.58 (1.07;6.20) and increased risk of orchiopexy in cohort 4: HR 2.76 (1.03;7.35), but no significant associations in the other cohorts. Compared to unexposed women working in horticulture, pesticide exposed women had a risk of having sons with cryptorchidism of 1.34 (0.30; 5.96) and of orchiopexy of 1.93 (0.24;15.4).
conclusionsThe data are compatible with a slightly increased risk of cryptorchidism in sons of women exposed to pesticides by working in horticulture.
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