ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2012
Genetic markers for rapid PCR-based identification of gull, Canada goose, duck, and chicken fecal contamination in water.
Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers.
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Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed.
- Age-related changes in the gut microbiota of a long-lived seabird suggest divergence from mammalian models.Royal Society open science · 2026Article
- Household determinants of animal and human fecal contamination on floors and hands in northwestern coastal Ecuador.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Linking land use to the likely origins of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterales in freshwater.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- The Establishment of an Indigenous-Led Drinking Water Monitoring Program Leveraging qPCR and Metagenomics Testing in New Zealand.Water environment research : a research publication of the Water Environment Federation · 2026Article
- Characterizing fecal bioaerosols in dairy barns using microbial source tracking markers and bovine enteric viruses.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Microbial source tracking of human and animal fecal contamination in Ecuadorian households.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- Microbial source tracking of human and animal fecal contamination in Ecuadorian households.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- An integrated approach to coupled nutrient and microbial source tracking in an agricultural watershed.Water research · 2025Article
- The probability of detecting host-specific microbial source tracking markers in surface waters was strongly associated with method and season.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Temporal changes in fecal indicator bacteria and potential waterborne pathogens at Sequiota Spring: from sewer to spring.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Enteric Pathogens in Humans, Domesticated Animals, and Drinking Water in a Low-Income Urban Area of Nairobi, Kenya.Environmental science & technology · 2024Article
- Quantitative fecal pollution assessment with bacterial, viral, and molecular methods in small stream tributaries.The Science of the total environment · 2024Article
- Population structure and pathogen interaction of Escherichia coli in freshwater: Implications of land-use for water quality and public health in Aotearoa New Zealand.Environmental microbiology reports · 2024Article
- Quantitative fecal source characterization of urban municipal storm sewer system outfall 'wet' and 'dry' weather discharges.Water research · 2024Article
- Occurrence of recreational water quality monitoring general fecal indicator bacteria and fecal source identification genetic markers in gray seal scat.The Science of the total environment · 2024Article
- Article
- The Tomato Brown Rugose Fruit Virus Movement Protein Gene Is a Novel Microbial Source Tracking Marker.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2023Article
- Current levels of microplastic pollution impact wild seabird gut microbiomes.Nature ecology & evolution · 2023Article
- Host-AssociatedMicroorganisms · 2023Article
- Tomato brown rugose fruit virus Mo gene is a novel microbial source tracking marker.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Avian feces contaminate waterways but contribute fewer human pathogens than human sources. Rapid identification and quantification of avian contamination would therefore be useful to prevent overestimation of human health risk. We used subtractive hybridization of PCR-amplified gull fecal 16S RNA genes to identify avian-specific fecal rRNA gene sequences. The subtracters were rRNA genes amplified from human, dog, cat, cow, and pig feces. Recovered sequences were related to Enterobacteriaceae (47%), Helicobacter (26%), Catellicoccus (11%), Fusobacterium (11%), and Campylobacter (5%). Three PCR assays, designated GFB, GFC, and GFD, were based on recovered sequence fragments. Quantitative PCR assays for GFC and GFD were developed using SYBR green. GFC detected down to 0.1 mg gull feces/100 ml (corresponding to 2 gull enterococci most probable number [MPN]/100 ml). GFD detected down to 0.1 mg chicken feces/100 ml (corresponding to 13 Escherichia coli MPN/100 ml). GFB and GFC were 97% and 94% specific to gulls, respectively. GFC cross-reacted with 35% of sheep samples but occurred at about 100,000 times lower concentrations in sheep. GFD was 100% avian specific and occurred in gulls, geese, chickens, and ducks. In the United States, Canada, and New Zealand, the three markers differed in their geographic distributions but were found across the range tested. These assays detected four important bird groups contributing to fecal contamination of waterways: gulls, geese, ducks, and chickens. Marker distributions across North America and in New Zealand suggest that they will have broad applicability in other parts of the world as well.
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