Trial reportNicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco2012
A randomized placebo-controlled trial of varenicline for smoking cessation allowing flexible quit dates.
Trial report in Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01926041 (The Effectiveness of Smoking Cessation in Prediabetic Smokers), which is not on this map. Cited by 44 papers, 12 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Effectiveness of Smoking Cessation in Prediabetic Smokers
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 12 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Evidence-based consensus guidelines for the pharmacological management of substance dependence: Recommendations from the British Association for Psychopharmacology.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2026Guideline
- Korean Clinical Practice Guideline of Korean Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco (KSRNT) and National Evidence-based Healthcare Collaborating Agency (NECA) on Treatment of Tobacco Use 2024.Journal of Korean medical science · 2025Guideline
- Weaning From Tobacco with Nicotine or Varenicline in Severe and Mild Tobacco Dependence—Findings of a Meta-Analysis.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2025Pooled it
- Nicotine receptor partial agonists for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Cessation classification likelihood increases with higher expired-air carbon monoxide cutoffs: a meta-analysis.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2021Pooled it
- Smoking cessation interventions for potential use in the lung cancer screening setting: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2019Pooled it
- Nicotine receptor partial agonists for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- Sex Differences in Varenicline Efficacy for Smoking Cessation: A Meta-Analysis.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2016Pooled it
- Varenicline and Adverse Cardiovascular Events: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2016Pooled it
- Risk of neuropsychiatric adverse events associated with varenicline: systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2015Pooled it
- Smoking cessation interventions for smokers with current or past depression.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2013Pooled it
- Risk of cardiovascular serious adverse events associated with varenicline use for tobacco cessation: systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2012Pooled it
- Evaluating mediators of the effect of varenicline preloading on smoking abstinence in a randomized controlled trial.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Trial
- Effect of Extending the Duration of Prequit Treatment With Varenicline on Smoking Abstinence: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2022Trial
- A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial of Remote Varenicline Sampling to Promote Treatment Engagement and Smoking Cessation.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2021Trial
- Retreatment with varenicline for smoking cessation in smokers who have previously taken varenicline: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2014Trial
- Quit now? Quit soon? Quit when you're ready? Insights about target quit dates for smoking cessation from an online quit date tool.Journal of medical Internet research · 2014Trial
- Trial
- Effects of 21 days of varenicline versus placebo on smoking behaviors and urges among non-treatment seeking smokers.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2012Trial
- The effects of varenicline on attention and inhibitory control among treatment-seeking smokers.Psychopharmacology · 2012Trial
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionCurrent smoking cessation guidelines recommend setting a quit date prior to starting pharmacotherapy. However, providing flexibility in the date of quitting may be more acceptable to some smokers. The objective of this study was to compare varenicline 1 mg twice daily (b.i.d.) with placebo in subjects using a flexible quit date paradigm after starting medication.
methodsIn this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled international study, smokers of ≥10 cigarettes/day, aged 18-75 years, and who were motivated to quit were randomized (3:1) to receive varenicline 1 mg b.i.d. or placebo for 12 weeks. Subjects were followed up through Week 24. Subjects were instructed to quit between Days 8 and 35 after starting medication. The primary endpoint was carbon monoxide-confirmed continuous abstinence during Weeks 9-12, and a key secondary endpoint was continuous abstinence during Weeks 9-24.
resultsOverall, 493 subjects were randomized to varenicline and 166 to placebo. Continuous abstinence was higher for varenicline than for placebo subjects at the end of treatment (Weeks 9-12: 53.1% vs. 19.3%; odds ratio [OR] 5.9; 95% CI, 3.7-9.4; p < .0001) and through 24 weeks follow-up (Weeks 9-24: 34.7% vs. 12.7%; OR 4.4; 95% CI, 2.6-7.5; p < .0001). Serious adverse events occurred in 1.2% varenicline (none were psychiatric) and 0.6% placebo subjects. Fewer varenicline than placebo subjects reported depression-related adverse events (2.3% vs. 6.7%, respectively).
conclusionsVarenicline 1 mg b.i.d. using a flexible quit date paradigm had similar efficacy and safety compared with previous fixed quit date studies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.