ArticleJournal of the International AIDS Society2011
Aflatoxin levels, plasma vitamins A and E concentrations, and their association with HIV and hepatitis B virus infections in Ghanaians: a cross-sectional study.
Article in Journal of the International AIDS Society, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association Between Aflatoxin Exposure and Haemoglobin, Zinc, and Vitamin A, C, and E Levels/Status: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- Prevalence and burden of HBV co-infection among people living with HIV: A global systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of viral hepatitis · 2020Pooled it
- Aflatoxins and Human Health: Global Exposure, Disease Burden, and One Health Strategies.Toxins · 2026Review
- The association between serum vitamin A concentrations and virus hepatitis among U.S. adults from the NHANES database: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Ethnic differences in hepatocellular carcinoma prevalence and therapeutic outcomes.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2023Review
- Aflatoxin exposure in a population of HIV patients at risk of hepatocellular carcinoma North-Central, Nigeria.African health sciences · 2023Article
- Prevalence of vitamin E inadequacy, dietary intake and sources of alpha-tocopherol, and predictors of alpha- and gamma-tocopherol status in adolescent girls in Central Mozambique.Journal of nutritional science · 2023Article
- Human Breast Milk Contamination with Aflatoxins, Impact on Children's Health, and Possible Control Means: A Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Aflatoxin Biosynthesis, Genetic Regulation, Toxicity, and Control Strategies: A Review.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Serum vitamin E deficiency among people living with HIV and undergoing antiretroviral therapy at Ho Teaching Hospital, Ghana.Heliyon · 2021Article
- Article
- Mycotoxin Occurrence, Exposure and Health Implications in Infants and Young Children in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Review.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Risk assessment of aflatoxins in food.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2020Article
- Chronic and Acute Toxicities of Aflatoxins: Mechanisms of Action.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Review
- Growth and Neurodevelopment of HIV-Exposed Uninfected Children: a Conceptual Framework.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2019Review
- Aflatoxin exposure in children age 6-12 years: a study protocol of a randomized comparative cross-sectional study in Kenya, East Africa.Pilot and feasibility studies · 2019Article
- Environmental Health Research in Africa: Important Progress and Promising Opportunities.Frontiers in genetics · 2019Review
- Nutrient and aflatoxin contents of traditional complementary foods consumed by children of 6-24 months.Food science & nutrition · 2018Article
- Involvement of DNA damage response pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma.BioMed research international · 2014Review
- Aflatoxin B1-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in developing countries: Geographical distribution, mechanism of action and prevention.Oncology letters · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMicronutrient deficiencies occur commonly in people infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. Since aflatoxin exposure also results in reduced levels of several micronutrients, HIV and aflatoxin may work synergistically to increase micronutrient deficiencies. However, there has been no report on the association between aflatoxin exposure and micronutrient deficiencies in HIV-infected people. We measured aflatoxin B1 albumin (AF-ALB) adduct levels and vitamins A and E concentrations in the plasma of HIV-positive and HIV-negative Ghanaians and examined the association of vitamins A and E with HIV status, aflatoxin levels and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.
methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in which participants completed a demographic survey and gave a 20 mL blood sample for analysis of AF-ALB levels, vitamins A and E concentrations, CD4 counts, HIV viral load and HBV infection.
resultsHIV-infected participants had significantly higher AF-ALB levels (median for HIV-positive and HIV-negative participants was 0.93 and 0.80 pmol/mg albumin, respectively; p <0.01) and significantly lower levels of vitamin A (-16.94 μg/dL; p <0.0001) and vitamin E (-0.22 mg/dL; p <0.001). For the total study group, higher AF-ALB was associated with significantly lower vitamin A (-4.83 μg/dL for every 0.1 pmol/mg increase in AF-ALB). HBV-infected people had significantly lower vitamin A (-5.66 μg/dL; p = 0.01). Vitamins A and E levels were inversely associated with HIV viral load (p = 0.02 for each), and low vitamin E was associated with lower CD4 counts (p = 0.004).
conclusionsOur finding of the significant decrease in vitamin A associated with AF-ALB suggests that aflatoxin exposure significantly compromises the micronutrient status of people who are already facing overwhelming health problems, including HIV infection.
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Registered trials
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