ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2012
Prior infections with seasonal influenza A/H1N1 virus reduced the illness severity and epidemic intensity of pandemic H1N1 influenza in healthy adults.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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17 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effects of Imprinting and Repeated Seasonal Influenza Vaccination on Adaptive Immunity after Influenza Vaccination.Vaccines · 2020Article
- Immune responses after live attenuated influenza vaccination.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2018Review
- Immunity against influenza A(H1N1) infections is determined by age at the time of initial strain circulation.Epidemiology and infection · 2017Article
- HIV-dependent depletion of influenza-specific memory B cells impacts B cell responsiveness to seasonal influenza immunisation.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Parental perceptions and predictors of consent for school-located influenza vaccination in urban elementary school children in the United States.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2015Article
- Statistical identifiability and sample size calculations for serial seroepidemiology.Epidemics · 2015Article
- Host Transcriptional Response to Influenza and Other Acute Respiratory Viral Infections--A Prospective Cohort Study.PLoS pathogens · 2015Article
- Hemagglutination inhibiting antibodies and protection against seasonal and pandemic influenza infection.The Journal of infection · 2015Article
- Diet-induced obese mice exhibit altered heterologous immunity during a secondary 2009 pandemic H1N1 infection.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2013Article
- Antibody correlates and predictors of immunity to naturally occurring influenza in humans and the importance of antibody to the neuraminidase.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2013Article
- Evaluation of obesity as an independent risk factor for medically attended laboratory-confirmed influenza.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2013Article
- Immunity toward H1N1 influenza hemagglutinin of historical and contemporary strains suggests protection and vaccine failure.Scientific reports · 2013Article
- Article
- Predominance of heterosubtypic IFN-γ-only-secreting effector memory T cells in pandemic H1N1 naive adults.European journal of immunology · 2012Article
- Demographic shift of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 during and after pandemic, rural India.Emerging infectious diseases · 2012Article
- Distinguishing malaria and influenza: early clinical features in controlled human experimental infection studies.Travel medicine and infectious disease · 2012Article
- Airborne transmission of influenza: implications for control in healthcare and community settings.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2012Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundA new influenza A/H1N1 (pH1N1) virus emerged in April 2009, proceeded to spread worldwide, and was designated as an influenza pandemic. A/H1N1 viruses had circulated in 1918-1957 and 1977-2009 and were in the annual vaccine during 1977-2009.
methodsSerum antibody to the pH1N1 and seasonal A/H1N1 viruses was measured in 579 healthy adults at enrollment (fall 2009) and after surveillance for illness (spring 2010). Subjects reporting with moderate to severe acute respiratory illness had illness and virus quantitation for 1 week; evaluations for missed illnesses were conducted over holiday periods and at the spring 2010 visit.
resultsAfter excluding 66 subjects who received pH1N1 vaccine, 513 remained. Seventy-seven had reported with moderate to severe illnesses; 31 were infected with pH1N1 virus, and 30 with a rhinovirus. Determining etiology from clinical findings was not possible, but fever and prominent myalgias favored influenza and prominent rhinorrhea favored rhinovirus. Tests of fall and spring antibody indicated pH1N1 infection of 23% had occurred, with the rate decreasing with increasing anti-pH1N1 antibody; a similar pattern was seen for influenza-associated illness. A reducing frequency of pH1N1 infections was also seen with increasing antibody to the recent seasonal A/H1N1 virus (A/Brisbane/59/07). Preexisting antibody to pH1N1 virus, responses to a single vaccine dose, a low infection-to-illness ratio, and a short duration of illness and virus shedding among those with influenza indicated presence of considerable preexisting immunity to pH1N1 in the population.
conclusionsThe 2009 A/H1N1 epidemic among healthy adults was relatively mild, most likely because of immunity from prior infections with A/H1N1 viruses.
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