ArticleCell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)2011
Mitotic chromosome size scaling in Xenopus.
Article in Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.), 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mitotic chromosomes harbor cell type- and species-specific structural features within a universal loop array conformation.Genome research · 2025Article
- Article
- Regulation of organelle size and organization during development.Seminars in cell & developmental biology · 2023Review
- Regulation of the mitotic chromosome folding machines.The Biochemical journal · 2022Article
- Review
- Volumetric morphometry reveals spindle width as the best predictor of mammalian spindle scaling.The Journal of cell biology · 2022Article
- Scaling of Subcellular Structures.Annual review of cell and developmental biology · 2020Review
- Organelle size scaling over embryonic development.Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Developmental biology · 2020Review
- Subcellular scaling: does size matter for cell division?Current opinion in cell biology · 2018Review
- CENP-A and topoisomerase-II antagonistically affect chromosome length.The Journal of cell biology · 2017Article
- A Cell-Free Assay Using Xenopus laevis Embryo Extracts to Study Mechanisms of Nuclear Size Regulation.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2016Article
- Use of Xenopus cell-free extracts to study size regulation of subcellular structures.The International journal of developmental biology · 2016Review
- Biological Scaling Problems and Solutions in Amphibians.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology · 2015Review
- Mitotic chromosome length scales in response to both cell and nuclear size.The Journal of cell biology · 2015Article
- A comparative analysis of spindle morphometrics across metazoans.Current biology : CB · 2015Article
- Subcellular size.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology · 2015Review
- Scaling Chromosomes for an Evolutionary Karyotype: A Chromosomal Tradeoff between Size and Number across Woody Species.PloS one · 2015Article
- Sizing and shaping the nucleus: mechanisms and significance.Current opinion in cell biology · 2014Review
- A Crowdsourced nucleus: understanding nuclear organization in terms of dynamically networked protein function.Biochimica et biophysica acta · 2014Review
- Intranuclear DNA density affects chromosome condensation in metazoans.Molecular biology of the cell · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
As rapid divisions without growth generate progressively smaller cells within an embryo, mitotic chromosomes must also decrease in size to permit their proper segregation, but this scaling phenomenon is poorly understood. We demonstrated previously that nuclear and spindle size scale between egg extracts of the related frog species Xenopus tropicalis and Xenopus laevis, but show here that dimensions of isolated mitotic sperm chromosomes do not differ. This is consistent with the hypothesis that chromosome scaling does not occur in early embryonic development when cell and spindles sizes are large and anaphase B segregates chromosomes long distances. To recapitulate chromosome scaling during development, we combined nuclei isolated from different stage Xenopus laevis embryos with metaphase-arrested egg extracts. Mitotic chromosomes derived from nuclei of cleaving embryos through the blastula stage were similar in size to replicated sperm chromosomes, but decreased in area approximately 50% by the neurula stage, reproducing the trend in size changes observed in fixed embryos. Allowing G2 nuclei to swell in interphase prior to mitotic condensation did not increase mitotic chromosome size, but progression through a full cell cycle in egg extract did, suggesting that epigenetic mechanisms determining chromosome size can be altered during DNA replication. Comparison of different sized mitotic chromosomes assembled in vitro provides a tractable system to elucidate underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.