Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22070901›Full record

ReviewCurrent opinion in chemical biology2011

Split-protein systems: beyond binary protein-protein interactions.

Sujan S Shekhawat, Indraneel Ghosh

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Current opinion in chemical biology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 94 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
94citing papers in PubMed
6.1field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

94 citing papers in PubMed, 216 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Methods for Controlling Small GTPase Activity.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2025
    Review
  9. Split genetically encoded calcium indicators for interorganellar junctions.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Standardized Parts for Activation of Small GTPase Signaling in Living Cells.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2024
    Article
  15. Imaging interorganelle contacts at a glance.Journal of cell science · 2024
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Article

34 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Sujan S ShekhawatDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 East University Blvd, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
Indraneel Ghosh
University of Arizona · US

Funding

Kinase selective small molecule conjugates as antibody surrogatesR21CA141974 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA · PI GHOSH, INDRANEEL · 2009 to 2010
$357k
Promoter Specific Hypermethylation Sensors for Early Cancer DetectionR21CA143661 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA · PI GHOSH, INDRANEEL · 2010 to 2011
$349k
NCI NIH HHS CA141974NCI NIH HHS CA143661NCI NIH HHS R21 CA141974NCI NIH HHS R21 CA143661
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

It has been estimated that 650,000 protein-protein interactions exist in the human interactome (Stumpf et al., 2008), a subset of all possible macromolecular partnerships that dictate life. Thus there is a continued need for the development of sensitive and user-friendly methods for cataloguing biomacromolecules in complex environments and for detecting their interactions, modifications, and cellular location. Such methods also allow for establishing differences in the interactome between a normal and diseased cellular state and for quantifying the outcome of therapeutic intervention. A promising approach for deconvoluting the role of macromolecular partnerships is split-protein reassembly, also called protein fragment complementation. This approach relies on the appropriate fragmentation of protein reporters, such as the green fluorescent protein or firefly luciferase, which when attached to possible interacting partners can reassemble and regain function, thereby confirming the partnership. Split-protein methods have been effectively utilized for detecting protein-protein interactions in cell-free systems, Escherichia coli, yeast, mammalian cells, plants, and live animals. Herein, we present recent advances in engineering split-protein systems that allow for the rapid detection of ternary protein complexes, small molecule inhibitors, as well as a variety of macromolecules including nucleic acids, poly(ADP) ribose, and iron sulfur clusters. We also present advances that combine split-protein systems with chemical inducers of dimerization strategies that allow for regulating the activity of orthogonal split-proteases as well as aid in identifying enzyme inhibitors. Finally, we discuss autoinhibition strategies leading to turn-on sensors as well as future directions in split-protein methodology including possible therapeutic approaches.

Indexed as

AnimalsBiosensing TechniquesCell-Free SystemEnzyme InhibitorsFluorescence Resonance Energy TransferGenes, ReporterGreen Fluorescent ProteinsHumansLuciferases, FireflyMolecular ImagingProtein BindingProtein EngineeringProtein Interaction MappingProtein MultimerizationProtein Structure, TertiarySmall Molecule LibrariesEnzyme InhibitorsGreen Fluorescent ProteinsLuciferases, FireflySmall Molecule Libraries

Identifiers

PMID22070901
PMCPMC3237955
OpenAlexW2031264524

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.