ReviewToxins2011
The effects of anthrax lethal toxin on host barrier function.
Review in Toxins, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Early Circulating Edema Factor in Inhalational Anthrax Infection: Does It Matter?Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Comprehensive characterization of toxins during progression of inhalation anthrax in a non-human primate model.PLoS pathogens · 2022Article
- The effect of Ethanolic extract of Indonesian propolis on endothelial dysfunction and Multi Organ dysfunction syndrome in anthrax animal model.Saudi journal of biological sciences · 2022Article
- Article
- Bacillus anthracis lethal toxin negatively modulates ILC3 function through perturbation of IL-23-mediated MAPK signaling.PLoS pathogens · 2017Article
- Article
- The Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 strain shows protective effects against the B. anthracis LT toxin.Toxins · 2015Article
- Article
- Review
- Anthrax lethal and edema toxins in anthrax pathogenesis.Trends in microbiology · 2014Review
- Anthrax lethal toxin inhibits translation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and causes decreased tolerance to hypoxic stress.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2014Article
- Colonic immune suppression, barrier dysfunction, and dysbiosis by gastrointestinal bacillus anthracis Infection.PloS one · 2014Article
- Review
- Bacillus anthracis edema factor substrate specificity: evidence for new modes of action.Toxins · 2012Review
- Anthrax lethal toxin disrupts intestinal barrier function and causes systemic infections with enteric bacteria.PloS one · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The pathological actions of anthrax toxin require the activities of its edema factor (EF) and lethal factor (LF) enzyme components, which gain intracellular access via its receptor-binding component, protective antigen (PA). LF is a metalloproteinase with specificity for selected mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases (MKKs), but its activity is not directly lethal to many types of primary and transformed cells in vitro. Nevertheless, in vivo treatment of several animal species with the combination of LF and PA (termed lethal toxin or LT) leads to morbidity and mortality, suggesting that LT-dependent toxicity is mediated by cellular interactions between host cells. Decades of research have revealed that a central hallmark of this toxicity is the disruption of key cellular barriers required to maintain homeostasis. This review will focus on the current understanding of the effects of LT on barrier function, highlighting recent progress in establishing the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.