ReviewToxins2011
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxin: a powerful tool with capacity to cause imbalance in the host inflammatory response.
Review in Toxins, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 94 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
94 citing papers in PubMed, 152 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fermentation-Derived 6-Shogaol fromInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Prevalence ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Observational
- Chrysin and Luteolin from Moroccan Propolis to Prevent Aggressive Periodontitis Caused byPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Immunomodulatory effects of oral microbiota in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Impact of Dupilumab on the Skin Microbiome in Children Aged 6-12 years with Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis.Journal of asthma and allergy · 2026Article
- E-cigarette liquids alter the biogenesis and properties ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- The cross-talk between T and B lymphocytes and the oral microbiome in health and disease: a narrative review.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The outer membrane autotransporters Fap2 and CmpA facilitate specific coaggregation betweenApplied and environmental microbiology · 2025Article
- Microbial Coaggregation in the Oral Cavity: Molecular Interactions and Current Insights.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Epidemiology and pathogenesis of the link between rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis.Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B · 2025Review
- Innovative strategies targeting oral microbial dysbiosis: unraveling mechanisms and advancing therapies for periodontitis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Microbial dysbiosis in periodontitis and peri-implantitis: pathogenesis, immune responses, and therapeutic.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Oral Microbiome Dysbiosis and Citrullination in Rheumatoid Arthritis.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Oral Pathogens' Substantial Burden on Cancer, Cardiovascular Diseases, Alzheimer's, Diabetes, and Other Systemic Diseases: A Public Health Crisis-A Comprehensive Review.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Association Between Severe Periodontitis and Cognitive Decline in Older Adults.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The Role of Macrophage Death in Periodontitis: A Review.Inflammation · 2024Review
- Review
- Leukotoxin A Production and Release by JP2 and Non-JP2 GenotypePathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Prevalence of SubgingivalPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Toxin-triggered liposomes for the controlled release of antibiotics to treat infections associated with the gram-negative bacterium, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans.Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces · 2024Article
34 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans has been described as a member of the indigenous oral microbiota of humans, and is involved in the pathology of periodontitis and various non-oral infections. This bacterium selectively kills human leukocytes through expression of leukotoxin, a large pore-forming protein that belongs to the Repeat in Toxin (RTX) family. The specificity of the toxin is related to its prerequisite for a specific target cell receptor, LFA-1, which is solely expressed on leukocytes. The leukotoxin causes death of different leukocyte populations in a variety of ways. It activates a rapid release of lysosomal enzymes and MMPs from neutrophils and causes apoptosis in lymphocytes. In the monocytes/macrophages, the toxin activates caspase-1, a cysteine proteinase, which causes a proinflammatory response by the activation and secretion of IL-1β and IL-18. A specific clone (JP2) of A. actinomycetemcomitans with enhanced leukotoxin expression significantly correlates to disease onset in infected individuals. Taken together, the mechanisms by which this toxin kills leukocytes are closely related to the pathogenic mechanisms of inflammatory disorders, such as periodontitis. Therapeutic strategies targeting the cellular and molecular inflammatory host response in periodontal diseases might be a future treatment alternative.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.