ReviewToxins2010
Escherichia coli cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 (CNF1): toxin biology, in vivo applications and therapeutic potential.
Review in Toxins, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of bovine endometritis, virulence mechanisms ofVirulence · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of theInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021Pooled it
- Structural insights into a putative BLF1-like deamidase from Methylomonas sp. Kb3.Acta crystallographica. Section F, Structural biology communications · 2026Article
- Whole-proteome structure/function prediction in UropathogenicbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- UropathogenicInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Focal Adhesion Kinase Alleviates Simulated Microgravity-Induced Inhibition of Osteoblast Differentiation by Activating Transcriptional Wnt/β-Catenin-BMP2-COL1 and Metabolic SIRT1-PGC-1α-CPT1A Pathways.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Potential Pathogens Associated with Colorectal Cancer.Current pharmaceutical biotechnology · 2025Review
- Guards and decoys: RIPoptosome and inflammasome pathway regulators of bacterial effector-triggered immunity.PLoS pathogens · 2025Review
- Characterization of Extraintestinal PathogenicVeterinary sciences · 2024Article
- Article
- Contribution of pks+Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Molecular Markers and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Extraintestinal PathogenicTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2024Article
- Updates on the Virulence Factors Produced by Multidrug-ResistantMicroorganisms · 2023Review
- Effects of the Rho GTPase-activating toxin CNF1 on fibroblasts derived from Rett syndrome patients: A pilot study.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2023Article
- Article
- Activation of Focal Adhesion Kinase Restores Simulated Microgravity-Induced Inhibition of Osteoblast Differentiation via Wnt/Β-Catenin Pathway.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Evaluation of the Role of Probiotics As a New Strategy to Eliminate Microbial Toxins: a Review.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2022Review
- Nucleotide receptors mediate protection against neonatal sepsis and meningitis caused by alpha-hemolysin expressing Escherichia coli K1.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2022Article
- Characterization of virulence determinants and phylogenetic background of multiple and extensively drug resistant Escherichia coli isolated from different clinical sources in Egypt.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2022Article
- The Cytotoxic Necrotizing Factors (CNFs)-A Family of Rho GTPase-Activating Bacterial Exotoxins.Toxins · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
CNF1 is a protein toxin produced by certain pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli. It permanently activates the regulatory Rho, Rac, and Cdc42 GTPases in eukaryotic cells, by deamidation of a glutamine residue. This modification promotes new activities in cells, such as gene transcription, cell proliferation and survival. Since the Rho GTPases play a pivotal role also in several processes in vivo, the potentiality of CNF1 to act as a new pharmacological tool has been explored in experimental animals and in diverse pathological contexts. In this review, we give an update overview on the potential in vivo applications of CNF1.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.