ReviewToxins2010
Targeted toxins in brain tumor therapy.
Review in Toxins, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Exploring the Role of ADCs in Brain Metastases and Primary Brain Tumors: Insight and Future Directions.Cancers · 2025Review
- Mechanisms of extracellular vesicle uptake and implications for the design of cancer therapeutics.Journal of extracellular biology · 2024Review
- Bacterial-Based Cancer Therapy (BBCT): Recent Advances, Current Challenges, and Future Prospects for Cancer Immunotherapy.Vaccines · 2021Review
- The constitutive activity of the virally encoded chemokine receptor US28 accelerates glioblastoma growth.Oncogene · 2018Article
- Bacterial Toxins and Targeted Brain Therapy: New Insights from Cytotoxic Necrotizing Factor 1 (CNF1).International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Review
- Recombinant Immunotoxin Therapy of Glioblastoma: Smart Design, Key Findings, and Specific Challenges.BioMed research international · 2017Review
- Review
- The bacterial protein toxin, cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 (CNF1) provides long-term survival in a murine glioma model.BMC cancer · 2014Article
- Glioblastoma multiforme: State of the art and future therapeutics.Surgical neurology international · 2014Review
- Recombinant anti-podoplanin (NZ-1) immunotoxin for the treatment of malignant brain tumors.International journal of cancer · 2013Article
- Long-term expression of rAAV2-hIL15 enhances immunoglobulin production and lymphokine-activated killer cell-mediated human glioblastoma cell death.Molecular and clinical oncology · 2013Article
- Recombinant Immunotoxin Therapy of Solid Tumors: Challenges and Strategies.Journal of basic and clinical medicine · 2013Article
- Treatment of neuroblastoma and rhabdomyosarcoma using RGD-modified liposomal formulations of patupilone (EPO906).International journal of nanomedicine · 2013Article
- Pharmacodynamics, tissue distribution, toxicity studies and antitumor efficacy of the vascular targeting fusion toxin VEGF121/rGel.Biochemical pharmacology · 2012Article
- Identification of amino acids important for binding of Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin to host cells and to HAVCR1.Biochemistry · 2012Article
- Recent developments on immunotherapy for brain cancer.Expert opinion on emerging drugs · 2012Review
- Impacts of blood-brain barrier in drug delivery and targeting of brain tumors.BioImpacts : BI · 2012Article
- Targeted drug delivery to tumors: myths, reality and possibility.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2011Article
- Immunotoxins and anticancer drug conjugate assemblies: the role of the linkage between components.Toxins · 2011Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Targeted toxins, also known as immunotoxins or cytotoxins, are recombinant molecules that specifically bind to cell surface receptors that are overexpressed in cancer and the toxin component kills the cell. These recombinant proteins consist of a specific antibody or ligand coupled to a protein toxin. The targeted toxins bind to a surface antigen or receptor overexpressed in tumors, such as the epidermal growth factor receptor or interleukin-13 receptor. The toxin part of the molecule in all clinically used toxins is modified from bacterial or plant toxins, fused to an antibody or carrier ligand. Targeted toxins are very effective against cancer cells resistant to radiation and chemotherapy. They are far more potent than any known chemotherapy drug. Targeted toxins have shown an acceptable profile of toxicity and safety in early clinical studies and have demonstrated evidence of a tumor response. Currently, clinical trials with some targeted toxins are complete and the final results are pending. This review summarizes the characteristics of targeted toxins and the key findings of the important clinical studies with targeted toxins in malignant brain tumor patients. Obstacles to successful treatment of malignant brain tumors include poor penetration into tumor masses, the immune response to the toxin component and cancer heterogeneity. Strategies to overcome these limitations are being pursued in the current generation of targeted toxins.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.