Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22068386›Full record

ArticleOsteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA2012

Excess mortality after hip fracture among elderly women in Norway. The HUNT study.

A B Grønskag, P Romundstad, S Forsmo, A Langhammer, B Schei

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Alcohol consumption and hip fracture risk.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2015
    Pooled it
  2. Association between loop diuretic use and fracture risk.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2015
    Pooled it
  3. Observational
  4. Optimizing Surgical Strategies for Elderly Patients With Femoral Neck Fracture: The Critical Role of Comorbidities.Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Characteristics of fallers who later sustain a hip fracture: a NOREPOS study.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2022
    Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Impact of osteoporotic fracture type and subsequent fracture on mortality: the Tromsø Study.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2020
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Observational
  13. Epigenetics and Bone Remodeling.Current osteoporosis reports · 2017
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Incident fracture associated with increased risk of mortality even after adjusting for frailty status in elderly Japanese men: the Fujiwara-kyo Osteoporosis Risk in Men (FORMEN) Cohort Study.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2017
    Article
  16. Excess mortality following hip fracture: impact of self-perceived health, smoking, and body mass index. A NOREPOS study.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2017
    Article
  17. Hip fracture, mortality risk, and cause of death over two decades.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2016
    Article
  18. Current trends and future projections of hip fracture in South Korea using nationwide claims data.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2016
    Article
  19. The mortality and direct medical costs of osteoporotic fractures among postmenopausal women in Taiwan.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2016
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

A B GrønskagDepartment of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, PB 8905, 7491, Trondheim, Norway. anna.b.gronskag@ntnu.no
P Romundstad
S Forsmo
A Langhammer
B Schei

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

unlabelledWe wanted to study mortality after hip fractures among elderly women in Norway. We found that excess mortality was highest short time after hip fracture, but persisted for several years after the fracture. The excess mortality was not explained by pre-fracture medical conditions.

introductionThe purpose of the present study was to investigate short and long term mortality after hip fracture, and to evaluate how comorbidity, bone mineral density, and lifestyle factors affect the survival after hip fractures.

methodsThe study cohort emerges from a population-based health survey in the county of Nord-Trøndelag, Norway. Women aged 65 or more at participation at the health survey who sustained a hip fracture after attending the health survey are cases in this study (n = 781). A comparison cohort was constructed based on participants at HUNT 2 with no history of hip fractures (n = 3, 142). Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to evaluate crude survival, and Cox regression analyses were used to study age-adjusted hazard ratios for mortality and for multivariable analyses involving relevant covariates.

resultsMean length of follow-up after fracture was 2.8 years. Within the first 3 months of follow-up, 78 (10.0%) of the hip fracture patients died, compared to only 39 (1.7%) in the control group. HR for mortality 3 months after hip fracture was 6.5 (95% CI 4.2-9.6). For the entire follow-up period women who sustained a hip fracture had an HR for mortality of 1.9 (95% CI 1.6-2.3), compared with women without a hip fracture.

conclusionsWe found that elderly women who sustained a hip fracture had increased mortality risk. The excess mortality was highest short time after the fracture, but persisted for several years after the fracture, and was not explained by pre-fracture medical conditions.

Indexed as

Absorptiometry, PhotonAgedAged, 80 and overAge FactorsBone DensityCase-Control StudiesComorbidityFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHip FracturesHumansKaplan-Meier EstimateLife StyleNorwayRadiusRisk Factors

Identifiers

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.