Trial reportEuropean journal of clinical pharmacology2012
Influence of CYP2B6 516G>T polymorphism and interoccasion variability (IOV) on the population pharmacokinetics of efavirenz in HIV-infected South African children.
Trial report in European journal of clinical pharmacology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Population pharmacogenetic-based pharmacokinetic modeling of efavirenz, 7-hydroxy- and 8-hydroxyefavirenz.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2014Trial
- Building Sub-Saharan African PBPK Populations Reveals Critical Data Gaps: A Case Study on Aflatoxin B1.Toxins · 2025Article
- Population Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacogenetic (PopPK-PGx) Model of Efavirenz in HIV-1-Infected Patients.Cureus · 2025Article
- Sub- and supratherapeutic efavirenz plasma concentrations with risk for HIV therapy failure are mainly genetically explained in Ugandan children: The prospective GENEFA cohort study.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2025Article
- Genetic and non-genetic factors influencing efavirenz population pharmacokinetics among human immunodeficiency virus-1-infected children in Ethiopia.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2023Article
- Predictors of Efavirenz Plasma Exposure, Auto-Induction Profile, and Effect of Pharmacogenetic Variations among HIV-Infected Children in Ethiopia: A Prospective Cohort Study.Journal of personalized medicine · 2021Article
- Potential challenges to sustained viral load suppression in the HIV treatment programme in South Africa: a narrative overview.AIDS research and therapy · 2021Review
- The Pharmacogenetics of Efavirenz Metabolism in Children: The Potential Genetic and Medical Contributions to Child Development in the Context of Long-Term ARV Treatment.New directions for child and adolescent development · 2020Review
- Population pharmacokinetics of efavirenz in HIV and TB/HIV coinfected children: the significance of genotype-guided dosing.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2019Article
- Pharmacogenetics and pharmacokinetics of CNS penetration of efavirenz and its metabolites.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2019Article
- Pharmacokinetics of Efavirenz at a High Dose of 25 Milligrams per Kilogram per Day in Children 2 to 3 Years Old.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2017Article
- Genetic Polymorphisms Affecting the Pharmacokinetics of Antiretroviral Drugs.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2017Review
- Article
- Plasma Efavirenz Exposure, Sex, and Age Predict Virological Response in HIV-Infected African Children.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2016Article
- The impact of genetic polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetics of efavirenz in African children.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2016Article
- Pharmacogenetics of plasma efavirenz exposure in HIV-infected adults and children in South Africa.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2015Observational
- Bioactivation of chlorpyrifos by CYP2B6 variants.Xenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo investigate the influence of CYP2B6 516G>T polymorphism, as a covariate, and of interoccasion variability (IOV) on the oral clearance (CL/F) of efavirenz (EFV) in treatment-naïve black South African children over a period of 24 months post-antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation.
methodsHIV-infected black children (n = 60, aged 3-16 years), with no prior exposure to ART, eligible to commence ART and attending an outpatient clinic were enrolled into this study. Blood samples were taken at mid-dose interval at 1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months post-ART initiation. EFV plasma samples were determined with an adapted and validated LC/MS/MS method. Genotyping of the CYP2B6 G516T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). NONMEM was used for the population pharmacokinetic modelling.
resultsEFV concentrations below 1 μg/mL accounted for 18% (116/649), EFV concentrations >4 μg/mL accounted for 29.5% (192/649) and concentrations within the therapeutic range (1-4 μg/mL) represented 52.5% (341/649) of all the samples determined. The covariates age, weight and CYP2B6 G516Tgenotype were included in the final model with population estimates for CL/F determined as 2.46, 4.60 and 7.33 L/h for the T/T, G/T and G/G genotype groups respectively.
conclusionsThe inclusion of both age and weight to predict accurate EFV CL values for the respective genotype groups within this paediatric population was required, whereas the addition of gender and body surface area did not improve the predictions. The importance of introducing IOV in a PK model for a longitudinal study with sparsely collected data was again highlighted by this investigation.
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