Trial reportCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2012
Increased lymphocyte infiltration in patients with head and neck cancer treated with the IRX-2 immunotherapy regimen.
Trial report in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Phase 2, Open-label Trial of the Safety and Biological Effect of Subcutaneous IRX-2 (With Cyclophosphamide, Indomethacin, and Zinc) in Patients With Resectable Cancer of the Head and Neck
A Randomized Phase 2 Trial of Neoadjuvant and Adjuvant Therapy With the IRX 2 Regimen in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Stage II, III, or IVA Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oral Cavity
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- A short course of neoadjuvant IRX-2 induces changes in peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2012Trial
- Alpha/beta-defensins influence on the humoral immunity and complications in cancer of the oral cavity and oropharynx.Immunotherapy · 2024Article
- Global research trends in immunotherapy for head and neck neoplasms: A scientometric study.Heliyon · 2023Article
- Review
- Implications and Emerging Therapeutic Avenues of Inflammatory Response in HPV+ Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Cancers · 2022Review
- Construction of the prognostic signature of alternative splicing revealed the prognostic predictor and immune microenvironment in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Article
- Multiplex immunofluorescence to measure dynamic changes in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and PD-L1 in early-stage breast cancer.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2021Article
- The immune contexture and Immunoscore in cancer prognosis and therapeutic efficacy.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2020Review
- The Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy of Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Review
- Therapeutic vaccines for high-risk HPV-associated diseases.Papillomavirus research (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2018Review
- Stromal cells in breast cancer as a potential therapeutic target.Oncotarget · 2018Review
- IRX-2 natural cytokine biologic for immunotherapy in patients with head and neck cancers.OncoTargets and therapy · 2018Review
- HPV Integration in HNSCC Correlates with Survival Outcomes, Immune Response Signatures, and Candidate Drivers.Molecular cancer research : MCR · 2018Article
- Prognostic value of CD45 transcriptional expression in head and neck cancer.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2018Article
- Head and Neck Carcinoma Immunotherapy: Facts and Hopes.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2018Review
- Surgical immune interventions for solid malignancies.American journal of surgery · 2016Review
- Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and survival in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.Head & neck · 2016Article
- Immunotherapy for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Current oral health reports · 2016Article
- Immunostimulatory Activity of the Cytokine-Based Biologic, IRX-2, on Human Papillomavirus-Exposed Langerhans Cells.Journal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research · 2016Article
- Manipulation of tumour-infiltrating B cells and tertiary lymphoid structures: a novel anti-cancer treatment avenue?Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Twenty-seven subjects with squamous cell cancer of the head and neck received the neoadjuvant IRX-2 immunotherapy regimen prior to surgery in a Phase 2 trial. Pretreatment tumor biopsies were compared with the primary tumor surgical specimens for lymphocyte infiltration, necrosis and fibrosis, using hematoxylin and eosin stain and immunohistochemistry in 25 subjects. Sections were examined by three pathologists. Relative to pretreatment biopsies, increases in lymphocyte infiltration (LI) were seen using H and E or immunohistochemistry. CD3+ CD4+ T cells and CD20+ B cells were primarily found in the peritumoral stroma and CD3+ CD8+ T cells and CD68+ macrophages were mainly intratumoral. LI in the surgical specimens were associated with reductions in the primary tumor size. Improved survival at 5 years was correlated with high overall LI in the tumor specimens. Neoadjuvant IRX-2 immunotherapy regimen may restore immune responsiveness presumably by mobilizing tumor infiltrating effector lymphocytes and macrophages into the tumor.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.