ArticleCurrent biology : CB2011
Spikes in retinal bipolar cells phase-lock to visual stimuli with millisecond precision.
Article in Current biology : CB, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed.
- A heterogeneous population code at the first synapse of vision.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Individual differences elucidate the perceptual benefits associated with robust temporal fine-structure processing.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Survey of temporal coding of sensory information.Frontiers in computational neuroscience · 2025Article
- Substance P and dopamine form a "push-pull" system that diurnally regulates retinal gain.Current biology : CB · 2024Article
- Individual Differences Elucidate the Perceptual Benefits Associated with Robust Temporal Fine-Structure Processing.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Graded spikes differentially signal neurotransmitter input in cerebrospinal fluid contacting neurons of the mouse spinal cord.iScience · 2023Article
- The Impact of Multivesicular Release on the Transmission of Sensory Information by Ribbon Synapses.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2022Article
- Review
- A theoretical model reveals specialized synaptic depressions and temporal frequency tuning in retinal parallel channels.Frontiers in computational neuroscience · 2022Article
- More than the end: OFF response plasticity as a mnemonic signature of a sound's behavioral salience.Frontiers in computational neuroscience · 2022Review
- Article
- Understanding the retinal basis of vision across species.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2020Review
- Spatiotemporally Asymmetric Excitation Supports Mammalian Retinal Motion Sensitivity.Current biology : CB · 2019Article
- Voltage- and calcium-gated ion channels of neurons in the vertebrate retina.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2019Review
- An amplitude code transmits information at a visual synapse.Nature neuroscience · 2019Article
- Neural mechanisms of contextual modulation in the retinal direction selective circuit.Nature communications · 2019Article
- Spikeling: A low-cost hardware implementation of a spiking neuron for neuroscience teaching and outreach.PLoS biology · 2018Article
- Direct measurement of bipolar cell responses to electrical stimulation in wholemount mouse retina.Journal of neural engineering · 2018Article
- Diverse inhibitory and excitatory mechanisms shape temporal tuning in transient OFF α ganglion cells in the rabbit retina.The Journal of physiology · 2018Article
- Method to remove photoreceptors from whole mount retina in vitro.Journal of neurophysiology · 2017Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe conversion of an analog stimulus into the digital form of spikes is a fundamental step in encoding sensory information. Here, we investigate this transformation in the visual system of fish by in vivo calcium imaging and electrophysiology of retinal bipolar cells, which have been assumed to be purely graded neurons.
resultsSynapses of all major classes of retinal bipolar cell encode visual information by using a combination of spikes and graded signals. Spikes are triggered within the synaptic terminal and, although sparse, phase-lock to a stimulus with a jitter as low as 2-3 ms. Spikes in bipolar cells encode a visual stimulus less reliably than spikes in ganglion cells but with similar temporal precision. The spike-generating mechanism does not alter the temporal filtering of a stimulus compared with the generator potential. The amplitude of the graded component of the presynaptic calcium signal can vary in time, and small fluctuations in resting membrane potential alter spike frequency and even switch spiking on and off.
conclusionsIn the retina of fish, the millisecond precision of spike coding begins in the synaptic terminal of bipolar cells. This neural compartment regulates the frequency of digital signals transmitted to the inner retina as well as the strength of graded signals.
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