ArticleJournal of neuroinflammation2011
Effects of betaine on lipopolysaccharide-induced memory impairment in mice and the involvement of GABA transporter 2.
Article in Journal of neuroinflammation, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Valsartan Mitigates LPS-Induced Neuroinflammation and Cognitive Deficits via Modulation of RAS-ECS Crosstalk in Mice.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- Betaine: A Promising Natural Product for Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases.Current neuropharmacology · 2026Review
- Polyethylene terephthalate nanoplastics-induced neurotoxicity in adult male Swiss albino mice with amelioration of betaine: a histopathological, neurochemical, and molecular investigation.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Article
- Locomotor and gait changes in the LPS model of neuroinflammation are correlated with inflammatory cytokines in blood and brain.Journal of inflammation (London, England) · 2024Article
- Neuronally produced betaine acts via a ligand-gated ion channel to control behavioral states.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Betaine Ameliorates Depressive-Like Behaviors in Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Exposed Mice.Biological trace element research · 2022Article
- Novel Neuroprotective Potential ofPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- High Betaine and Dynamic Increase of Betaine Levels Are Both Associated With Poor Prognosis of Patients With Pulmonary Hypertension.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
- Gut microbiota dysbiosis: The potential mechanisms by which alcohol disrupts gut and brain functions.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Anti-depressant Effect of Betaine Mediates via Nitrergic and Serotoninergic Systems in Ovariectomized Mice.Archives of Razi Institute · 2021Article
- Alogliptin Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Neuroinflammation in Mice Through Modulation of TLR4/MYD88/NF-κB and miRNA-155/SOCS-1 Signaling Pathways.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2021Article
- Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals a Sex-Dimorphic Influence of GAT-2 on Murine Liver Function.Frontiers in nutrition · 2021Article
- β-Lactolin Reduces Age-Related Inflammation and Cognitive Decline.Frontiers in nutrition · 2021Article
- Nrf2 Deficiency Exacerbates Cognitive Impairment and Reactive Microgliosis in a Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Neuroinflammatory Mouse Model.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2020Article
- Preventive Effects of Tryptophan-Methionine Dipeptide on Neural Inflammation and Alzheimer's Pathology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Prestimulation of Microglia Through TLR4 Pathway Promotes Interferon Beta Expression in a Rat Model of Alzheimer's Disease.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2019Article
- Iso-α-acids, Hop-Derived Bitter Components of Beer, Attenuate Age-Related Inflammation and Cognitive Decline.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2019Article
- Comparison of the effect of three licorice varieties on cognitive improvementNutrition research and practice · 2018Article
- Betaine Attenuates Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Rats via Inhibiting Inflammatory Response.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBetaine (glycine betaine or trimethylglycine) plays important roles as an osmolyte and a methyl donor in animals. While betaine is reported to suppress expression of proinflammatory molecules and reduce oxidative stress in aged rat kidney, the effects of betaine on the central nervous system are not well known. In this study, we investigated the effects of betaine on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced memory impairment and on mRNA expression levels of proinflammatory molecules, glial markers, and GABA transporter 2 (GAT2), a betaine/GABA transporter.
methodsMice were continuously treated with betaine for 13 days starting 1 day before they were injected with LPS, or received subacute or acute administration of betaine shortly before or after LPS injection. Then, their memory function was evaluated using Y-maze and novel object recognition tests 7 and 10-12 days after LPS injection (30 μg/mouse, i.c.v.), respectively. In addition, mRNA expression levels in hippocampus were measured by real-time RT-PCR at different time points.
resultsRepeated administration of betaine (0.163 mmol/kg, s.c.) prevented LPS-induced memory impairment. GAT2 mRNA levels were significantly increased in hippocampus 24 hr after LPS injection, and administration of betaine blocked this increase. However, betaine did not affect LPS-induced increases in levels of mRNA related to inflammatory responses. Both subacute administration (1 hr before, and 1 and 24 hr after LPS injection) and acute administration (1 hr after LPS injection) of betaine also prevented LPS-induced memory impairment in the Y-maze test.
conclusionsThese data suggest that betaine has protective effects against LPS-induced memory impairment and that prevention of LPS-induced changes in GAT2 mRNA expression is crucial to this ameliorating effect.
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