ArticleMolecular diagnosis & therapy2011
Phenotypic analysis of HIV-1 genotypic drug-resistant isolates from China, using a single-cycle system.
Article in Molecular diagnosis & therapy, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- HIV envelope pseudotyped virus- an indispensable tool in HIV research.Virus research · 2026Review
- HIV-1 pseudoviruses constructed in China regulatory laboratory.Emerging microbes & infections · 2020Review
- A simple and cost-saving phenotypic drug susceptibility testing of HIV-1.Scientific reports · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesDrug resistance in HIV-1 is one of the main causes of failure of antiretroviral therapy. Phenotypic detection of drug-resistant HIV-1 can provide guidance in selecting the optimal treatment regimen. Traditional phenotype assays are labor intensive and time consuming. Thus, a rapid and convenient phenotype assay with a single cycle of replication was developed and used in this study.
methodsTwo restriction endonuclease sites, ApaI and AgeI, were inserted into the plasmid pSG3Δenv(,) using site-directed mutagenesis. The reverse transcriptase and protease genes of HIV-1 were amplified from patients and cloned into the modified pSG3Δenv. Sixteen original recombinant pseudoviruses were generated. The phenotypic susceptibility of these 16 recombinant pseudoviruses to 12 antiretroviral drugs was determined using a luciferase reporter system, and the phenotype and genotype results were compared.
resultsA modified phenotype assay with a single-cycle system was established, and its reproducibility and feasibility were validated. Approximately 89% of the phenotype results were in agreement with the genotype results; this slight disagreement may have been due to complex and multiple resistance mutations. The phenotype results showed that individual pseudoviruses with four thymidine analog mutations (TAMs).[M41L, T67N, L210W, and T215Y] in combination with various other mutations had different levels of resistance to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). Mutations E44A, T69D, and V118I influenced the pattern of resistance of TAMs. The level of resistance to non-NRTIs (NNRTIs) was also variable when different NNRTI-resistance mutations were combined.
conclusionThe single-cycle pseudovirus phenotypic susceptibility detection system reflects HIV-1 drug resistance, especially for complex resistance mutants, and could be used to screen new antiretroviral candidates.
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