ArticlePloS one2011
Hepatitis B virus impairs TLR9 expression and function in plasmacytoid dendritic cells.
Article in PloS one, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
85 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 148 citations in OpenAlex.
- Application potential of toll-like receptors in cancer immunotherapy: Systematic review.Medicine · 2016Pooled it
- Remodeling of B-Cell Subsets in Blood during Pegylated IFNα-2a Therapy in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Infection.PloS one · 2016Trial
- Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Directly Alters Dendritic Cell-Mediated Natural Killer Cell Responses.Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology · 2026Article
- Targeting the innate immune system in treating hepatitis B: prospects for functional cure.Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2026Review
- Beyond viral suppression: combining PEG-interferon with novel immunotherapies for functional cure of chronic hepatitis B.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Downregulation of Toll-Like Receptor Gene Expression Among Hepatitis B Virus-Positive Human Patients.Cureus · 2025Article
- Antiviral therapy for hepatitis B virus infection is beneficial for the prognosis hepatocellular carcinoma.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2025Article
- Anti-HBV treatment partially restores the dysfunction of innate immune cells and unconventional T cells during chronic HBV infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Advances in the understanding of circRNAs that influence viral replication in host cells.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2024Review
- Recent advances in different interactions between toll-like receptors and hepatitis B infection: a review.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Role of extracellular vesicle in human papillomavirus-associated cervical cancer.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023Review
- Novel therapeutic strategies for chronic hepatitis B.Virulence · 2022Review
- Synonymous nucleotide changes drive papillomavirus evolution.Tumour virus research · 2022Review
- Review
- Advances in Immunotherapy for Hepatitis B.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Review
- Mesenchymal stem cells-based therapy in liver diseases.Molecular biomedicine · 2022Review
- Article
- The Interplay between Viruses and Host DNA Sensors.Viruses · 2022Review
- Regulation of Pattern-Recognition Receptor Signaling by HBX During Hepatitis B Virus Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) play a key role in detecting pathogens by producing large amounts of type I interferon (IFN) by sensing the presence of viral infections through the Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) pathway. TLR9 is a sensor of viral and bacterial DNA motifs and activates the IRF7 transcription factor which leads to type I IFN secretion by pDCs. However, during chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, pDCs display an impaired ability to secrete IFN-α following ex vivo stimulation with TLR9 ligands. Here we highlight several strategies used by HBV to block IFN-α production through a specific impairment of the TLR9 signaling. Our results show that HBV particle internalisation could inhibit TLR9- but not TLR7-mediated secretion of IFN-α by pDCs. We observed that HBV down-regulated TLR9 transcriptional activity in pDCs and B cells in which TLR9 mRNA and protein levels were reduced. HBV can interfere with TLR9 activity by blocking the MyD88-IRAK4 axis and Sendai virus targeting IRF7 to block IFN-α production. Neutralising CpG motif sequences were identified within HBV DNA genome of genotypes A to H which displayed a suppressive effect on TLR9-immune activation. Moreover, TLR9 mRNA and protein were downregulated in PBMCs from patients with HBV-associated chronic hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Thus HBV has developed several escape mechanisms to avoid TLR9 activation in both pDCs and B lymphocytes, which may in turn contribute to the establishment and/or persistence of chronic infection.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.