ReviewThe oncologist2011
Primary vitreoretinal lymphoma: a report from an International Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma Collaborative Group symposium.
Review in The oncologist, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 206 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
206 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 477 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multimodal imaging for diagnosis and follow-up of primary vitreoretinal lymphoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Pooled it
- Exploration of the Optimal Treatment Modality for Vitreoretinal Lymphoma: A PRISMA Compliant Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review.Cancer medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of first-line combination therapy versus monotherapy for vitreoretinal lymphoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC ophthalmology · 2023Pooled it
- Comparison of various treatment modalities in patients with primary vitreoretinal lymphoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical & experimental ophthalmologyPooled it
- Autoimmune conditions and primary central nervous system lymphoma risk among older adults.British journal of haematology · 2020Trial
- Intensive chemoimmunotherapy and bilateral globe irradiation as initial therapy for primary intraocular lymphoma.Neuro-oncology · 2016Trial
- Article
- Efficacy and Safety of Response-Adapted Intravitreal Methotrexate Therapy for Vitreoretinal Lymphoma: A Two-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Diagnostic Value of Clinical and Optical Coherence Tomography Findings in Primary Vitreoretinal Lymphoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Review
- [The value of aqueous humor aspiration in the diagnostics of uveitis-Experience from a tertiary university center].Die Ophthalmologie · 2026Article
- Spectrally Resolved (Colour-Coded) Fundus Autofluorescence Using the EIDON System in Vitreoretinal Lymphoma.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2026Article
- Vitreoretinal Lymphoma: a clinical case highlighting the diagnostic and therapeutic challenge and the need for a multidisciplinary management.Annals of hematology · 2026Article
- Successful use of intravitreal rituximab as salvage therapy for relapsed vitreoretinal lymphoma.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2026Observational
- Primary vitreoretinal lymphoma presenting with marked anterior segment inflammation.Eye (London, England) · 2026Article
- Article
- Primary vitreoretinal lymphoma: diagnostic and therapeutic insights from a Slovenian population-based study.International journal of retina and vitreous · 2026Article
- Rapidly progressive primary vitreoretinal lymphoma with optic disc involvement and retinal detachment.American journal of ophthalmology case reports · 2026Article
- Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma as a Masquerade of Uveitis: A Case Report of Ocular Involvement.Cureus · 2026Article
- Systemic high-dose MTX and BTK inhibitors in vitreoretinal lymphoma: efficacy and survival analysis.Blood science (Baltimore, Md.) · 2026Article
146 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 10 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Primary vitreoretinal lymphoma (PVRL), also known as primary intraocular lymphoma, is a rare malignancy typically classified as a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and most frequently develops in elderly populations. PVRL commonly masquerades as posterior uveitis and has a unique tropism for the retina and central nervous system (CNS). Over 15% of primary CNS lymphoma patients develop intraocular lymphoma, usually occurring in the retina and/or vitreous. Conversely, 65%-90% of PVRL patients develop CNS lymphoma. Consequently, PVRL is often fatal because of ultimate CNS association. Current PVRL animal models are limited and require further development. Typical clinical findings include vitreous cellular infiltration (lymphoma and inflammatory cells) and subretinal tumor infiltration as determined using dilated fundoscopy, fluorescent angiography, and optical coherent tomography. Currently, PVRL is most often diagnosed using both histology to identify lymphoma cells in the vitreous or retina and immunohistochemistry to indicate monoclonality. Additional adjuncts in diagnosing PVRL exist, including elevation of interleukin-10 levels in ocular fluids and detection of Ig(H) or T-cell receptor gene rearrangements in malignant cells. The optimal therapy for PVRL is not defined and requires the combined effort of oncologists and ophthalmologists. PVRL is sensitive to radiation therapy and exhibits high responsiveness to intravitreal methotrexate or rituximab. Although systemic chemotherapy alone can result in high response rates in patients with PVRL, there is a high relapse rate. Because of the disease rarity, international, multicenter, collaborative efforts are required to better understand the biology and pathogenesis of PVRL as well as to define both diagnostic markers and optimal therapies.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.