Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22044427›Full record

ArticleImmunology2012

B-cell agonists up-regulate AID and APOBEC3G deaminases, which induce IgA and IgG class antibodies and anti-viral function.

Thomas Seidl, Trevor Whittall, Kaboutar Babaahmady, Thomas Lehner

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Immunology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
0.5field-weighted citation impact, top 37% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. APOBECs: Our fickle friends?PLoS pathogens · 2023
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. APOBEC3 Proteins in Viral Immunity.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2015
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Thomas SeidlMucosal Immunology Unit, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK.
Trevor Whittall
Kaboutar Babaahmady
Thomas Lehner
King's College London · GBGuy's Hospital · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

B cells express two critical deaminases in the development of adaptive and innate immunity. Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) functions in class switch recombination, somatic hypermutation and may result in affinity maturation of antibodies. Apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like 3G (APOBEC3G; A3G) is an innate anti-retroviral factor that inhibits HIV replication. We have studied a number of B-cell agonists with the aim of identifying the most effective agents that will up-regulate both deaminases and thereby enhance adaptive and innate immunity. CD40 ligand (CD40L) with interleukin-4 or HLA-class II antibodies significantly up-regulated both AID and A3G in isolated human CD19(+) B cells. The functions of these deaminases were demonstrated by enhancement of B-cell surface expression of IgA and IgG and inducing significantly higher IgA and IgG4 antibodies. An enhanced A3G function was then demonstrated by inhibition of HIV-1 replication in co-culture of CD4(+) T cells with autologous B cells, treated with CD40L and CD4 or HLA antibodies, compared with unstimulated human B cells. The dual B-cell-induced deaminase functions may be critical in IgA and IgG antibodies inhibiting pre-entry and A3G that of post-entry HIV-1 transmission and suggests a novel strategy of immunization, especially relevant to mucosal infections.

Indexed as

Adaptive ImmunityAICDA (Activation-Induced Cytidine Deaminase)Antiviral AgentsAPOBEC-3G DeaminaseBase SequenceB-LymphocytesCD40 LigandCytidine DeaminaseHIV-1HIV InfectionsHumansImmunity, InnateImmunoglobulin AImmunoglobulin Class SwitchingImmunoglobulin GInterleukin-4AICDA (Activation-Induced Cytidine Deaminase)Antiviral AgentsAPOBEC-3G DeaminaseAPOBEC3G protein, humanCD40 LigandCytidine DeaminaseIL4 protein, humanImmunoglobulin AImmunoglobulin GInterleukin-4RNA, Messenger

Identifiers

PMID22044427
PMCPMC3311043
OpenAlexW1562237306

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.