ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2011
Negative selection by IgM superantigen defines a B cell central tolerance compartment and reveals mutations allowing escape.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mechanisms of B Cell Tolerance in Health and Autoimmunity.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Review
- Human genetic influences on early B cell development.Journal of human immunity · 2025Review
- Autoantibodies in COVID-19: implications for disease severity and clinical outcomes.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Autoimmunity and Carcinogenesis: Their Relationship under the Umbrella of Autophagy.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- B cell abnormalities and autoantibody production in patients with partial RAG deficiency.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- B-cell intrinsic and extrinsic signals that regulate central tolerance of mouse and human B cells.Immunological reviews · 2022Review
- Analysis of a miR-148a Targetome in B Cell Central Tolerance.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- MicroRNA regulation of B cell receptor signaling.Immunological reviews · 2021Review
- Central human B cell tolerance manifests with a distinctive cell phenotype and is enforced via CXCR4 signaling in hu-mice.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- miRNA-Mediated Control of B Cell Responses in Immunity and SLE.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Harnessing Newton's third-law paradigm to treat autoimmune diseases and chronic inflammations.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2020Review
- MicroRNA control of B cell tolerance, autoimmunity and cancer.Seminars in cancer biology · 2020Review
- Type 1 diabetes pathogenesis and the role of inhibitory receptors in islet tolerance.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2020Review
- Active PI3K abrogates central tolerance in high-avidity autoreactive B cells.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2019Article
- miRNAs in B Cell Development and Lymphomagenesis.Trends in molecular medicine · 2017Review
- Mechanisms of central tolerance for B cells.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2017Review
- Regulation of B-cell development and tolerance by different members of the miR-17∼92 family microRNAs.Nature communications · 2016Article
- The microRNA miR-148a functions as a critical regulator of B cell tolerance and autoimmunity.Nature immunology · 2016Article
- Receptor editing and genetic variability in human autoreactive B cells.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2016Article
- Activation of Ras overcomes B-cell tolerance to promote differentiation of autoreactive B cells and production of autoantibodies.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
To analyze B lymphocyte central tolerance in a polyclonal immune system, mice were engineered to express a superantigen reactive to IgM of allotype b (IgM(b)). IgM(b/b) mice carrying superantigen were severely B cell lymphopenic, but small numbers of B cells matured. Their sera contained low levels of IgG and occasionally high levels of IgA. In bone marrow, immature B cells were normal in number, but internalized IgM and had a unique gene expression profile, compared with those expressing high levels of surface IgM, including elevated recombinase activator gene expression. A comparable B cell population was defined in wild-type bone marrows, with an abundance suggesting that at steady state ∼20% of normal developing B cells are constantly encountering autoantigens in situ. In superantigen-expressing mice, as well as in mice carrying the 3H9 anti-DNA IgH transgene, or 3H9 H along with mutation in the murine κ-deleting element RS, IgM internalization was correlated with CD19 downmodulation. CD19(low) bone marrow cells from 3H9;RS(-/-) mice were enriched in L chains that promote DNA binding. Our results suggest that central tolerance and attendant L chain receptor editing affect a large fraction of normal developing B cells. IgH(a/b) mice carrying the superantigen had a ∼50% loss in follicular B cell numbers, suggesting that escape from central tolerance by receptor editing from one IgH allele to another was not a major mechanism. IgM(b) superantigen hosts reconstituted with experimental bone marrow were demonstrated to be useful in revealing pathways involved in central tolerance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.