SynthesisInternational journal of obesity (2005)2012
Childhood obesity and risk of the adult metabolic syndrome: a systematic review.
Synthesis in International journal of obesity (2005), 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 159 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
159 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 372 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents with obesity: a position paper of the Italian Society for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2024Guideline
- Effects of public-private partnership on diet-related obesity risk factors among school-aged children: A systematic literature review.Nutrition and health · 2023Pooled it
- State-of-the-art of measures of the obesogenic environment for children.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2021Pooled it
- Childhood obesity and adult cardiovascular disease risk factors: a systematic review with meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2017Pooled it
- Childhood obesity and its physical and psychological co-morbidities: a systematic review of Australian children and adolescents.European journal of pediatrics · 2015Pooled it
- Guided Self-Help vs Group Treatment for Children With Obesity: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Pediatrics · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Two-stage, school and community-based population screening successfully identifies individuals and families at high-risk for type 2 diabetes: the Feel4Diabetes-study.BMC endocrine disorders · 2020Trial
- An integrative study identifies KCNC2 as a novel predisposing factor for childhood obesity and the risk of diabetes in the Korean population.Scientific reports · 2016Trial
- Gender differences on effectiveness of a school-based physical activity intervention for reducing cardiometabolic risk: a cluster randomized trial.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2014Trial
- Early childhood investments substantially boost adult health.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2014Trial
- Predictive epigenetic biomarkers of successful weight-loss intervention in pre-pubertal children with obesity.Clinical epigenetics · 2026Article
- "It Is All About Education, Isn't It?": Community Priorities for an Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Adolescent Nutrition Program.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Obesity from Childhood to Mid-adulthood in the United States: A Synthetic Cohort Approach to Measuring Health Trajectories.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Evidence-Based Lessons From Two Decades of Implementation Research on Complementary Feeding Programmes.Maternal & child nutrition · 2025Review
- Weight Trajectories among Children with Down Syndrome: A Retrospective Study.The Journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Maternal macronutrient intake at pregnancy and offspring growth trajectory through childhood: a prospective analysis in the Growing Up Today Study 2 cohort.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Article
- Developmental Trends of Metabolic Syndrome in the Past Two Decades: A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Health concerns and health-risk behaviors among school-aged children in Saudi Arabia.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2025Review
- Impact of Early Childhood Malnutrition on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Young Adults from Marginalized Areas of Chiapas, Mexico.Nutrients · 2025Article
99 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWhile many studies have demonstrated positive associations between childhood obesity and adult metabolic risk, important questions remain as to the nature of the relationship. In particular, it is unclear whether the associations reflect the tracking of body mass index (BMI) from childhood to adulthood or an independent level of risk. This systematic review aimed to investigate the relationship between childhood obesity and a range of metabolic risk factors during adult life.
objectiveTo perform an unbiased systematic review to investigate the association between childhood BMI and risk of developing components of metabolic disease in adulthood, and whether the associations observed are independent of adult BMI.
designElectronic databases were searched from inception until July 2010 for studies investigating the association between childhood BMI and adult metabolic risk. Two investigators independently reviewed studies for eligibility according to the inclusion/exclusion criteria, extracted the data and assessed study quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.
resultsThe search process identified 11 articles that fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Although several identified weak positive associations between childhood BMI and adult total cholesterol, low-density lipo protein-cholesterol, triglyceride and insulin concentrations, these associations were ameliorated or inversed when adjusted for adult BMI or body fatness. Of the four papers that considered metabolic syndrome as an end point, none showed evidence of an independent association with childhood obesity.
conclusionsLittle evidence was found to support the view that childhood obesity is an independent risk factor for adult blood lipid status, insulin levels, metabolic syndrome or type 2 diabetes. The majority of studies failed to adjust for adult BMI and therefore the associations observed may reflect the tracking of BMI across the lifespan. Interestingly, where adult BMI was adjusted for, the data showed a weak negative association between childhood BMI and metabolic variables, with those at the lower end of the BMI range in childhood, but obese during adulthood at particular risk.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.