ArticlePloS one2011
Picomolar dichotomous activity of gnidimacrin against HIV-1.
Article in PloS one, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anti-HIV diterpenoids from Daphne pseudomezereum.Phytochemistry · 2025Article
- Ethnopharmacological exploration and isolation of HIV-1 latency-reversing agents from Sudanese medicinal plants.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Medicinal Plant and Traditional Knowledge-guided Strategies to Combat HIV Persistence.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2024Review
- LC-MS identification, isolation, and structural elucidation of anti-HIV macrocyclic daphnane orthoesters from Edgeworthia chrysantha.Fitoterapia · 2024Article
- Daphnepedunins G and H, anti-HIV macrocyclic 3,4-seco-daphnane orthoesters from Daphne pedunculata.Journal of natural medicines · 2024Article
- Breaking the Silence: Regulation of HIV Transcription and Latency on the Road to a Cure.Viruses · 2023Review
- Tigliane and daphnane diterpenoids from Thymelaeaceae family: chemistry, biological activity, and potential in drug discovery.Journal of natural medicines · 2023Review
- Discovering the Mechanisms of Oleodaphnone as a Potential HIV Latency-Reversing Agent by Transcriptome Profiling.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Daphnepedunins A-F, Anti-HIV Macrocyclic Daphnane Orthoester Diterpenoids fromJournal of natural products · 2022Article
- Anti-HIV Macrocyclic Daphnane Orthoesters with an Unusual Macrocyclic Ring fromJournal of natural products · 2022Review
- HPLC-Based Purification and Isolation of Potent Anti-HIV and Latency Reversing Daphnane Diterpenes from the Medicinal PlantViruses · 2022Article
- Anti-HIV Tigliane-Type Diterpenoids from the Aerial Parts ofJournal of natural products · 2022Article
- Identification of anti-HIV macrocyclic daphnane orthoesters from Wikstroemia ligustrina by LC-MS analysis and phytochemical investigation.Journal of natural medicines · 2021Article
- Daphneodorins A-C, Anti-HIV Gnidimacrin Related Macrocyclic Daphnane Orthoesters fromOrganic letters · 2020Article
- Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationship Correlations of Gnidimacrin Derivatives as Potent HIV-1 Inhibitors and HIV Latency Reversing Agents.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2019Article
- Identification, structural modification, and dichotomous effects on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication of ingenane esters from Euphorbia kansui.European journal of medicinal chemistry · 2018Article
- Elimination of HIV-1 Latently Infected Cells by Gnidimacrin and a Selective HDAC Inhibitor.ACS medicinal chemistry letters · 2018Article
- Structure Optimization of Aloperine Derivatives as HIV-1 Entry Inhibitors.ACS medicinal chemistry letters · 2017Article
- Stelleralides D-J and Anti-HIV Daphnane Diterpenes from Stellera chamaejasme.Journal of natural products · 2015Article
- Gnidimacrin, a Potent Anti-HIV Diterpene, Can Eliminate Latent HIV-1 Ex Vivo by Activation of Protein Kinase C β.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has offered a promising approach for controlling HIV-1 replication in infected individuals. However, with HARRT, HIV-1 is suppressed rather than eradicated due to persistence of HIV-1 in latent viral reservoirs. Thus, purging the virus from latent reservoirs is an important strategy toward eradicating HIV-1 infection. In this study, we discovered that the daphnane diterpene gnidimacrin, which was previously reported to have potent anti-cancer cell activity, activated HIV-1 replication and killed persistently-infected cells at picomolar concentrations. In addition to its potential to purge HIV-1 from latently infected cells, gnidimacrin potently inhibited a panel of HIV-1 R5 virus infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) at an average concentration lower than 10 pM. In contrast, gnidimacrin only partially inhibited HIV-1 ×4 virus infection of PBMCs. The strong anti-HIV-1 R5 virus activity of gnidimacrin was correlated with its effect on down-regulation of the HIV-1 coreceptor CCR5. The anti-R5 virus activity of gnidimacrin was completely abrogated by a selective protein kinase C beta inhibitor enzastaurin, which suggests that protein kinase C beta plays a key role in the potent anti-HIV-1 activity of gnidimacrin in PBMCs. In summary, these results suggest that gnidimacrin could activate latent HIV-1, specifically kill HIV-1 persistently infected cells, and inhibit R5 viruses at picomolar concentrations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.