Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22039215›Full record

ArticleBioinformatics (Oxford, England)2011

TIP: a probabilistic method for identifying transcription factor target genes from ChIP-seq binding profiles.

Chao Cheng, Renqiang Min, Mark Gerstein

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Article in Bioinformatics (Oxford, England), 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

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38citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
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3 · Its place in the literature

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38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Chao ChengProgram of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
Renqiang Min
Mark Gerstein

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

motivationChIP-seq and ChIP-chip experiments have been widely used to identify transcription factor (TF) binding sites and target genes. Conventionally, a fairly 'simple' approach is employed for target gene identification e.g. finding genes with binding sites within 2 kb of a transcription start site (TSS). However, this does not take into account the number of sites upstream of the TSS, their exact positioning or the fact that different TFs appear to act at different characteristic distances from the TSS.

resultsHere we propose a probabilistic model called target identification from profiles (TIP) that quantitatively measures the regulatory relationships between TFs and target genes. For each TF, our model builds a characteristic, averaged profile of binding around the TSS and then uses this to weight the sites associated with a given gene, providing a continuous-valued 'regulatory' score relating each TF and potential target. Moreover, the score can readily be turned into a ranked list of target genes and an estimate of significance, which is useful for case-dependent downstream analysis.

conclusionWe show the advantages of TIP by comparing it to the 'simple' approach on several representative datasets, using motif occurrence and relationship to knock-out experiments as metrics of validation. Moreover, we show that the probabilistic model is not as sensitive to various experimental parameters (including sequencing depth and peak-calling method) as the simple approach; in fact, the lesser dependence on sequencing depth potentially utilizes the result of a ChIP-seq experiment in a more 'cost-effective' manner. CONTACT: mark.gerstein@yale.edu SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

Indexed as

Models, StatisticalAmino Acid MotifsAnimalsBinding SitesChromatin ImmunoprecipitationEstrogen Receptor alphaGene Expression RegulationMiceOligonucleotide Array Sequence AnalysisProtein BindingSequence Analysis, DNASTAT4 Transcription FactorTranscription FactorsTranscription Initiation SiteEstrogen Receptor alphaStat4 protein, mouseSTAT4 Transcription FactorTranscription Factors

Identifiers

PMID22039215
PMCPMC3223362

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.