Trial reportInternational journal of epidemiology2011
Is infant weight associated with childhood blood pressure? Analysis of the Promotion of Breastfeeding Intervention Trial (PROBIT) cohort.
Trial report in International journal of epidemiology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01561612 (Breastfeeding Promotion RCT and Child Metabolic Syndrome), which is not on this map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Breastfeeding Promotion RCT and Child Metabolic Syndrome
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Growth During Infancy and Early Childhood and Its Association With Metabolic Risk Biomarkers at 11.5 Years of Age.American journal of epidemiology · 2020Trial
- Cohort profile: The promotion of breastfeeding intervention trial (PROBIT).International journal of epidemiology · 2014Trial
- Effects of promoting longer-term and exclusive breastfeeding on cardiometabolic risk factors at age 11.5 years: a cluster-randomized, controlled trial.Circulation · 2014Trial
- Associations of postnatal growth with asthma and atopy: the PROBIT Study.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2013Trial
- Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses Uncover Genes and Pathways Linking Growth Trajectories to Cardiometabolic Risk Markers in Childhood.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Article
- Associations of childhood BMI traits with blood pressure and glycated haemoglobin in 6-9-year-old Samoan children.Pediatric obesity · 2024Article
- Birth weight influences differently on systolic and diastolic blood pressure in children and adolescents aged 8-15.BMC pediatrics · 2022Article
- Prepubertal Dietary and Plasma Phospholipid Fatty Acids Related to Puberty Timing: Longitudinal Cohort and Mendelian Randomization Analyses.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Early childhood growth trajectory and later cognitive ability: evidence from a large prospective birth cohort of healthy term-born children.International journal of epidemiology · 2021Article
- Early Determinants of Childhood Blood Pressure at the Age of 6 Years: The GECKO Drenthe and ABCD Study Birth Cohorts.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2020Article
- Association of BMI with Linear Growth and Pubertal Development.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2019Article
- Arterial Structural and Functional Characteristics at End of Early Childhood and Beginning of Adulthood: Impact of Body Size Gain during Early, Intermediate, Late and Global Growth.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2019Article
- Association of accelerated body mass index gain with repeated measures of blood pressure in early childhood.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2019Article
- Being underweight in adolescence is independently associated with adult-onset diabetes among women: The Japan Nurses' Health Study.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2019Article
- Associations of growth from birth to puberty with blood pressure and lipid profile at ~17.5 years: evidence from Hong Kong's "Children of 1997" birth cohort.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2019Article
- Patterns of body mass index milestones in early life and cardiometabolic risk in early adolescence.International journal of epidemiology · 2019Article
- Analysis of 'sensitive' periods of fetal and child growth.International journal of epidemiology · 2019Observational
- Relative Weight Gain Through Age 4 Years Is Associated with Increased Adiposity, and Higher Blood Pressure and Insulinemia at 4-5 Years of Age in Mexican Children.The Journal of nutrition · 2018Article
- Novel metrics for growth model selection.Emerging themes in epidemiology · 2018Article
- Birth Weight, Postnatal Weight Gain, and Childhood Adiposity in Relation to Lipid Profile and Blood Pressure During Early Adolescence.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWeight gain during infancy may programme later health outcomes, but examination of this hypothesis requires appropriate lifecourse methods and detailed weight gain measures during childhood. We examined associations between weight gain in infancy and early childhood and blood pressure at the age of 6.5 years in healthy children born at term.
methodsWe carried out an observational analysis of data from a cluster-randomized breastfeeding promotion trial in Belarus. Of 17 046 infants enrolled between June 1996 and December 1997, 13 889 (81.5%) had systolic and diastolic blood pressure measured at 6.5 years; 10 495 children with complete data were analysed. A random-effects linear spline model with three knot points was used to estimate each individual's birthweight and weight gain from birth to 3 months, 3 months to 1 year and 1-5 years. Path analysis was used to separate direct effects from those mediated through subsequent weight gain.
resultsIn boys, after controlling for confounders and prior weight gain, the change in systolic blood pressure per z-score increase in weight gain was 0.09 mmHg [95% confidence interval (95% CI) -0.14 to 0.31] for birthweight; 0.41 mmHg (95% CI 0.19-0.64) for birth to 3 months; 0.69 mmHg (95% CI 0.47-0.92) for 3 months to 1 year and 0.82 mmHg (95% CI 0.58-1.06) for 1-5 years. Most of the associations between weight gain and blood pressure were mediated through weight at the age of 6.5 years. Findings for girls and diastolic blood pressure were similar.
conclusionsChildren who gained weight faster than their peers, particularly at later ages, had higher blood pressure at the age of 6.5 years, with no association between birthweight and blood pressure.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.