ArticleOecologia2012
Dietary protein restriction impairs growth, immunity, and disease resistance in southern leopard frog tadpoles.
Article in Oecologia, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 116 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between body mass index and oesophageal cancer mortality: a pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies with >800 000 individuals in the Asia Cohort Consortium.International journal of epidemiology · 2022Pooled it
- The Association between the Risk of Esophageal Cancer and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Updated Meta-Analysis.BioMed research international · 2022Pooled it
- Reduced Food Availability Amplifies Behavioral Depression and Impairs Locomotor Performance After Immune Challenge in Xenopus laevis.Journal of experimental zoology. Part A, Ecological and integrative physiology · 2026Review
- The Individual and Combined Effects of Warming and Atrazine on Lithobates pipiens Phenotypes: Implications for Frog Declines.Journal of experimental zoology. Part A, Ecological and integrative physiology · 2026Article
- Combined effect of seasons and life history in an anuran strengthens the response and relationship between their physiology and gut microbiota.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Effects of grassland controlled burning on symbiotic skin microbes in Neotropical amphibians.Scientific reports · 2024Article
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- Critical review of the phytohemagglutinin assay for assessing amphibian immunity.Conservation physiology · 2023Article
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- A novel larval diet interacts with nutritional stress to modify juvenile behaviors and glucocorticoid responses.Ecology and evolution · 2021Article
- Reference Intervals in Combined Veterinary Clinical Examinations of Male Black-Spotted Pond Frogs (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Article
- The amphibian complement system and chytridiomycosis.Journal of experimental zoology. Part A, Ecological and integrative physiology · 2020Review
- Ecoimmunology in degus: interplay among diet, immune response, and oxidative stress.Journal of comparative physiology. B, Biochemical, systemic, and environmental physiology · 2019Article
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- Review of the Amphibian Immune Response to Chytridiomycosis, and Future Directions.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Exploring the link between ultraviolet B radiation and immune function in amphibians: implications for emerging infectious diseases.Conservation physiology · 2018Review
- Early-Life Diet Affects Host Microbiota and Later-Life Defenses Against Parasites in Frogs.Integrative and comparative biology · 2017Article
- Joint Effects of Low Body Mass Index and Alcohol Consumption on Developing Esophageal Squamous Cell Cancer: a Korean Nationwide Population-Based Cohort StudyAsian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2017Article
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Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The immune system is a necessary, but potentially costly, defense against infectious diseases. When nutrition is limited, immune activity may consume a significant amount of an organism's energy budget. Levels of dietary protein affect immune system function; high levels can enhance disease resistance. We exposed southern leopard frog [Lithobates sphenocephalus (=Rana sphenocephala)] tadpoles to high and low protein diets crossed with the presence or absence of the pathogenic amphibian chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis; Bd) and quantified: (1) tadpole resistance to Bd; (2) tadpole skin-swelling in response to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) injection (a measure of the T cell-mediated response of the immune system); (3) bacterial killing ability (BKA) of tadpole blood (a measure of the complement-mediated cytotoxicity of the innate immune system); and (4) tadpole growth and development. Tadpoles raised on a low-protein diet were smaller and less developed than tadpoles on a high-protein diet. When controlled for developmental stage, tadpoles raised on a low-protein diet had reduced PHA and BKA responses relative to tadpoles on a high-protein diet, but these immune responses were independent of Bd exposure. High dietary protein significantly increased resistance to Bd. Our results support the general hypothesis that host condition can strongly affect disease resistance; in particular, fluctuations in dietary protein availability may change how diseases affect populations in the field.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.