ArticleThe Journal of allergy and clinical immunology2012
The effect of single and multiple infections on atopy and wheezing in children.
Article in The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 93 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sero-epidemiological studies of pathogen burden: A scoping review.Wellcome open research · 2026Pooled it
- Equity in protection: bridging global data gaps for an EBV vaccine-a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ global health · 2025Pooled it
- Predictors of Epstein-Barr virus serostatus and implications for vaccine policy: A systematic review of the literature.Journal of global health · 2020Pooled it
- A systematic review of associations between environmental exposures and development of asthma in children aged up to 9 years.BMJ open · 2014Pooled it
- Global Asthma Disparities: Deciphering the Multifaceted Environmental Exposome Between Eastern and Western Populations.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- Article
- Helminth-induced immune modulation in colorectal cancer: exploring therapeutic applications.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
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- Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Helminth-Derived Products: Potential Applications and Challenges in Diabetes Mellitus Management.Journal of inflammation research · 2024Review
- Article
- Understanding and controlling asthma in Latin America: A review of recent research informed by the SCAALA programme.Clinical and translational allergy · 2023Review
- Review
- Heterogeneous associations of polyomaviruses and herpesviruses with allergy-related phenotypes in childhood.Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology · 2021Article
- Mycobacterium-Induced Th1, Helminths-Induced Th2 Cells and the Potential Vaccine Candidates for Allergic Asthma: Imitation of Natural Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Understanding the dynamics of asthma symptoms between childhood and adolescence using latent transition analysis.International journal of public health · 2020Article
- What Can Parasites Tell Us About the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Asthma and Allergic Diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Association between Toxoplasma gondii infection and thyroid dysfunction: a case-control seroprevalence study.BMC infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Age at cytomegalovirus, Epstein Barr virus and varicella zoster virus infection and risk of atopy: The Born in Bradford cohort, UK.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2019Article
- Soil-transmitted helminth parasites and allergy: Observations from Ecuador.Parasite immunology · 2019Review
- Multiobjective grammar-based genetic programming applied to the study of asthma and allergy epidemiology.BMC bioinformatics · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe current epidemic of asthma and atopy has been explained by alterations in immune responses related to reduction in childhood infections. However, the findings of epidemiologic studies investigating the association between infection with atopy and asthma have been inconsistent.
objectiveWe sought to investigate the effect of single or multiple infections (pathogen burden) on atopy and wheeze in urban children from Latin America.
methodsSpecific IgE against aeroallergens (sIgE) and skin prick test (SPT) reactivity for the most common local allergens were measured in 1128 children aged 4 to 11 years. Data on wheezing and potential confounders were collected by questionnaire. Infections by 8 pathogens were assessed by using serology and stool examination. Associations of wheeze and atopic outcomes with single and multiple infections were analyzed by means of logistic regression.
resultsNegative results for Toxoplasma gondii were associated with a higher prevalence of sIgE (≥0.70 kU/L), whereas negative results for Ascaris lumbricoides, T gondii, herpes simplex virus, and EBV were associated with a higher prevalence of SPT reactivity. Children with 3 or fewer infection markers had a higher prevalence of sIgE and SPT reactivity compared with those with 4 or more infection markers. However, isolated infections or pathogen burden were not associated with the prevalence of atopic or nonatopic wheeze.
conclusionThe findings provide support for the idea that the hygiene hypothesis is operating in an urban Latin American context, but its expression is thus far restricted to the atopic status of patients and not the perceived asthma symptoms.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.