Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22035350›Full record

ArticleBMC nephrology2011

Evaluation of High Resolution Melting analysis as an alternate tool to screen for risk alleles associated with small kidneys in Indian newborns.

Ashwini Raghavendra, Annes Siji, T S Sridhar, Kishore Phadke, Anil Vasudevan

Open access · goldAbstract readEvaluation StudyValidation Study
In one paragraph

Article in BMC nephrology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
1.3field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Ashwini RaghavendraDivision of Molecular Medicine, St, John's Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Annes Siji
T S Sridhar
Kishore Phadke
Anil Vasudevan
St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences · INSt.John's Medical College Hospital · IN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSingle nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the most common forms of sequence variations in the human genome. They contribute to the human phenotypic spectrum and are associated with variations in response to pathogens, drugs and vaccines. Recently, SNPs in three human genes involved in kidney development (RET, PAX2 and ALDH1A2) have been reported to be associated with variation in renal size and function. These known SNPs could potentially be used in the clinic as markers for identifying babies who may have smaller kidneys and permit close follow up for early detection of hypertension and acquired renal dysfunction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of High Resolution Melting technique (HRM) as a tool for detecting the known SNPs in these three genes in comparison to sequencing which is the gold standard.

methodsHigh resolution melting analysis was performed on 75 DNA samples that were previously sequenced for the known polymorphisms in RET (rs1800860), PAX2 (rs11190688) and ALDH1A2 (rs7169289) genes. The SNPs were G > A transitions in RET and PAX2 and A > G in ALDH1A2 gene. A blinded assessment was performed on these samples for evaluation of the HRM technique as compared to sequencing.

resultsEach variant had a unique melt curve profile that was reproducible. The shift in melting temperature (Tm) allowed visual discrimination between the homozygous alleles (major and minor) in all three genes. The shape of the melting curve as compared to the major allele homozygous curve allowed the identification of the heterozygotes in each of the three SNPs. For validation, HRM was performed on 25 samples for each of the three SNPs. The results were compared with the sequencing results and 100% correct identification of the samples was obtained for RET, PAX2, and ALDA1H2 gene.

conclusionHigh Resolution Melting analysis is a simple, rapid and cost effective technique that could be used in a large population to identify babies with the risk alleles. These high risk children could be followed up for early detection of hypertension and acquired renal dysfunction.

Indexed as

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 FamilyDNA Mutational AnalysisFetal BloodGenetic TestingHumansIndiaInfant, NewbornKidneyKidney DiseasesNeonatal ScreeningNucleic Acid DenaturationPAX2 Transcription FactorPolymorphism, Single NucleotideProto-Oncogene Proteins c-retReference StandardsReproducibility of ResultsAldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 FamilyALDH1A2 protein, humanPAX2 protein, humanPAX2 Transcription FactorProto-Oncogene Proteins c-retRetinal DehydrogenaseRET protein, human

Identifiers

PMID22035350
PMCPMC3219565
OpenAlexW2023790670

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.