ReviewPharmaceutical research2011
Subcellular fate and off-target effects of siRNA, shRNA, and miRNA.
Review in Pharmaceutical research, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 103 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
103 citing papers in PubMed, 220 citations in OpenAlex.
- Generation ofJBMR plus · 2026Article
- RNA therapeutics: current status and future directions.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Unravelling the novel insights between miR-7 and Parkinson's disease (PD).Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Review
- Gene therapy for cardiac arrhythmias.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2026Review
- Immune suppression, HLA-risk and potential future immune based targets of oral leukoplakia progression.Frontiers in dental medicine · 2026Review
- Article
- Impact and Significance of Viral Vectors for siRNA Delivery in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.Current pharmaceutical biotechnology · 2026Review
- The emerging role of circular RNAs in neuropsychiatric disorders.Translational psychiatry · 2025Review
- MiRNA-based drugs: challenges and delivery strategies.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2025Review
- Prediction of Interspecies Translation for Targeting Delivery Coefficients of GalNAc-siRNA Silencing Apolipoprotein C-III Using a Mechanistic Minimal Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Model.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2025Article
- Advances in the roles and molecular mechanisms of exosomal circular RNAs in regulating the pre-metastatic niche of tumors.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- An Overview of Circular RNAs.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- ROS-Responsive Biomimetic Nanocomplexes of Liposomes and Macrophage-Derived Exosomes for Combination Breast Cancer Therapy.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Article
- Advances and future trends in real-time precision optical control of chemical processes in live cells.Npj imaging · 2025Review
- Engineered melatonin-pretreated plasma exosomes repair traumatic spinal cord injury by regulating miR-138-5p/SOX4 axis mediated microglia polarization.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2024Article
- Radiation-sensitive circRNA hsa_circ_0096498 inhibits radiation-induced liver fibrosis by suppressing EIF4A3 nuclear translocation to decrease CDC42 expression in hepatic stellate cells.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Article
- Intracellular delivery of antiviral shRNA using penetratin-based complexes effectively inhibits respiratory syncytial virus replication and host cell apoptosis.Virology journal · 2024Article
- The multifaceted roles of circular RNAs in cancer hallmarks: From mechanisms to clinical implications.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2024Review
- Advancements and challenges in mRNA and ribonucleoprotein-based therapies: From delivery systems to clinical applications.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2024Review
- CircPRRC2C Promotes the Oncogenic Phenotypes of Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells via MiR-136-5p/HOXD11 Axis.Molecular biotechnology · 2024Article
43 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) strategies include double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), small interfering RNA (siRNA), short hairpin RNA (shRNA), and microRNA (miRNA). As this is a highly specific technique, efforts have been made to utilize RNAi towards potential knock down of disease-causing genes in a targeted fashion. RNAi has the potential to selectively inhibit gene expression by degrading or blocking the translation of the target mRNA. However, delivering these RNAs to specific cells presents a significant challenge. Some of these challenges result from the necessity of traversing the circulatory system while avoiding kidney filtration, degradation by endonucleases, aggregation with serum proteins, and uptake by phagocytes. Further, non-specific delivery may result in side-effects, including the activation of immune response. We discuss the challenges in the systemic delivery to target cells, cellular uptake, endosomal release and intracellular transport of RNAi drugs and recent progress in overcoming these barriers. We also discuss approaches that increase the specificity and metabolic stability and reduce the off-target effects of RNAi strategy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.