Trial reportBiological psychiatry2012
Chronic exposure to nicotine is associated with reduced reward-related activity in the striatum but not the midbrain.
Trial report in Biological psychiatry, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neural bases of pharmacological treatment of nicotine dependence - insights from functional brain imaging: a systematic review.CNS drugs · 2013Pooled it
- Neural Signatures of Cognitive Flexibility and Reward Sensitivity Following Nicotinic Receptor Stimulation in Dependent Smokers: A Randomized Trial.JAMA psychiatry · 2017Trial
- CID: a valid incentive delay paradigm for children.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2013Trial
- THC reduces the anticipatory nucleus accumbens response to reward in subjects with a nicotine addiction.Translational psychiatry · 2013Trial
- Acute nicotine differentially impacts anticipatory valence- and magnitude-related striatal activity.Biological psychiatry · 2013Trial
- Standardized Manual-Based Smoking Cessation Treatment in Patients With Comorbid Mental Disorders: Qualitative Interview Study.JMIR formative research · 2026Article
- Altered amygdala and striatal responsivity and prediction error encoding of temporal reward dynamics in post-trauma psychopathology.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Effects of chronic nicotine administration on behavioral parameters and Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase mRNA expression in the brains of male Swiss Albino mice exposed to chronic stress during adolescence.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2025Article
- Nicotine replacement therapy: insights into the mechanisms and potential of nicotine receptor pathway.American journal of translational research · 2025Review
- Reward anticipation-related neural activation following cued reinforcement in adults with psychotic psychopathology and biological relatives.Psychological medicine · 2024Article
- Testing the efficacy of real-time fMRI neurofeedback for training people who smoke daily to upregulate neural responses to nondrug rewards.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2023Article
- Vulnerable and Resilient Phenotypes in a Mouse Model of Anorexia Nervosa.Biological psychiatry · 2021Article
- Computational theory-driven studies of reinforcement learning and decision-making in addiction: What have we learned?Current opinion in behavioral sciences · 2021Article
- Nicotine dependence (trait) and acute nicotinic stimulation (state) modulate attention but not inhibitory control: converging fMRI evidence from Go-Nogo and Flanker tasks.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2020Article
- Habenular and striatal activity during performance feedback are differentially linked with state-like and trait-like aspects of tobacco use disorder.Science advances · 2019Article
- The Effects of Nicotine and Tobacco Use on Brain Reward Function: Interaction With Nicotine Dependence Severity.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2019Article
- The Acute Effects of a Dopamine D3 Receptor Preferring Agonist on Motivation for Cigarettes in Dependent and Occasional Cigarette Smokers.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2018Article
- Functional Neurocircuits and Neuroimaging Biomarkers of Tobacco Use Disorder.Trends in molecular medicine · 2018Review
- Reward-related frontostriatal activity and smoking behavior among adolescents in treatment for smoking cessation.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2017Article
- Reward Prediction Errors in Drug Addiction and Parkinson's Disease: from Neurophysiology to Neuroimaging.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe reinforcing effects of nicotine are mediated by brain regions that also support temporal difference error (TDE) processing; yet, the impact of nicotine on TDE is undetermined.
methodsDependent smokers (n = 21) and matched control subjects (n = 21) were trained to associate a juice reward with a visual cue in a classical conditioning paradigm. Subjects subsequently underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging sessions in which they were exposed to trials where they either received juice as temporally predicted or where the juice was withheld (negative TDE) and later received unexpectedly (positive TDE). Subjects were scanned in two sessions that were identical, except that smokers had a transdermal nicotine (21 mg) or placebo patch placed before scanning. Analysis focused on regions along the trajectory of mesocorticolimbic and nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathways.
resultsThere was a reduction in TDE-related function in smokers in the striatum, which did not differ as a function of patch manipulation but was predicted by the duration (years) of smoking. Activation in midbrain regions was not impacted by group or drug condition.
conclusionsThese data suggest a differential effect of smoking status on the neural substrates of reward in distinct dopaminergic pathway regions, which may be partially attributable to chronic nicotine exposure. The failure of transdermal nicotine to alter reward-related functional processes, either within smokers or between smokers and control subjects, implies that acute nicotine patch administration is insufficient to modify reward processing, which has been linked to abstinence-induced anhedonia in smokers and may play a critical role in smoking relapse.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.