ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2012
Glucagon like peptide-1 receptor expression in the human thyroid gland.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 141 citations in OpenAlex.
- Use of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Occurrence of Thyroid Disorders: a Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- GLP-1 receptor agonists and risk of cancer in type 2 diabetes: an updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Endocrine · 2019Pooled it
- Long-Term Association Between GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Use and Incident Pancreatic Cancer: A Propensity Score-Matched Retrospective Cohort Study Using the TriNetX Network.Journal of gastrointestinal cancer · 2026Article
- Obesity-related thyroid reflections: from weight gain to weight loss.European thyroid journal · 2026Review
- Unconventional Applications of Semaglutide and Tirzepatide: From Oncology to Human Reproduction.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Exposure to GLP-1RA and Risk of Structural Progression in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Observational
- Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists and cancer risk: the good, the bad and the unknown.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2026Review
- Tirzepatide in Obesity-Related Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Beyond Weight Loss Toward Disease Modification?Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Article
- The science of safety: adverse effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists as glucose-lowering and obesity medications.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- Assessment of thyroid cancer risk associated with glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist use.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Synergistic associations of metformin and GLP-1 receptor agonist use with adiposity-related cancer incidence in people living with type 2 diabetes.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Effect of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists on Patients with Thyroid Carcinomas Undergoing Active Surveillance.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2026Article
- Safety and Tolerability of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists: A State-of-the-Art Narrative Review.Drugs · 2026Review
- The Genetic Blueprint of Obesity: From Pathogenesis to Novel Therapies.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2025Review
- Assessing the Oncological Safety of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Cureus · 2025Review
- Review
- Investigating the association between incretin-based therapies and thyroid cancer incidence among US Medicare beneficiaries with diabetes.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2025Article
- Review
- GLP-1RA Use and Thyroid Cancer Risk.JAMA otolaryngology-- head & neck surgery · 2025Article
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGlucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) mimetic therapy induces medullary thyroid neoplasia in rodents. We sought to establish whether C cells in human medullary thyroid carcinoma, C cell hyperplasia, and normal human thyroid express the GLP-1 receptor.
methodsThyroid tissue samples with medullary thyroid carcinoma (n = 12), C cell hyperplasia (n = 9), papillary thyroid carcinoma (n = 17), and normal human thyroid (n = 15) were evaluated by immunofluorescence for expression of calcitonin and GLP-1 receptors.
resultsCoincident immunoreactivity for calcitonin and GLP-1 receptor was consistently observed in both medullary thyroid carcinoma and C cell hyperplasia. GLP-1 receptor immunoreactivity was also detected in 18% of papillary thyroid carcinoma (three of 17 cases). Within normal human thyroid tissue, GLP-1 receptor immunoreactivity was found in five of 15 of the examined cases in about 35% of the total C cells assessed.
conclusionsIn humans, neoplastic and hyperplastic lesions of thyroid C cells express the GLP-1 receptor. GLP-1 receptor expression is detected in 18% papillary thyroid carcinomas and in C cells in 33% of control thyroid lobes. The consequence of long-term pharmacologically increased GLP-1 signaling on these GLP-1 receptor-expressing cells in the thyroid gland in humans remains unknown, but appropriately powered prospective studies to exclude an increase in medullary or papillary carcinomas of the thyroid are warranted.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.