Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22030715›Full record

Trial reportNeuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology2012

Mismatch negativity encoding of prediction errors predicts S-ketamine-induced cognitive impairments.

André Schmidt, Rosilla Bachmann, Michael Kometer, Philipp A Csomor, Klaas E Stephan, Erich Seifritz, Franz X Vollenweider

Open access · bronzeAbstract readComparative StudyRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
59citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
2.7field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

59 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 126 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Trial
  5. Trial
  6. Trial
  7. Article
  8. Learning as the unifying mechanism of psychedelic action.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2026
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Effects of psychedelic, DOI, on nucleus accumbens dopamine signaling to predictable rewards and cues in rats.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Synthetic surprise as the foundation of the psychedelic experience.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2024
    Review
  14. Psilocybin's effects on cognition and creativity: A scoping review.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2023
    Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Body mass index (BMI) does not predict responses to psilocybin.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2023
    Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

André SchmidtNeuropsychopharmacology and Brain Imaging, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. andre.schmidt@bli.uzh.ch
Rosilla Bachmann
Michael Kometer
Philipp A Csomor
Klaas E Stephan
Erich Seifritz
Franz X Vollenweider
University Hospital of Zurich · CHUniversity of Zurich · CHLaboratory for Social and Neural Systems Research · CH

Funding

Wellcome Trust 091593
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Psychotomimetics like the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist ketamine and the 5-hydroxytryptamine2A receptor (5-HT(2A)R) agonist psilocybin induce psychotic symptoms in healthy volunteers that resemble those of schizophrenia. Recent theories of psychosis posit that aberrant encoding of prediction errors (PE) may underlie the expression of psychotic symptoms. This study used a roving mismatch negativity (MMN) paradigm to investigate whether the encoding of PE is affected by pharmacological manipulation of NMDAR or 5-HT(2A)R, and whether the encoding of PE under placebo can be used to predict drug-induced symptoms. Using a double-blind within-subject placebo-controlled design, S-ketamine and psilocybin, respectively, were administrated to two groups of healthy subjects. Psychological alterations were assessed using a revised version of the Altered States of Consciousness (ASC-R) questionnaire. As an index of PE, we computed changes in MMN amplitudes as a function of the number of preceding standards (MMN memory trace effect) during a roving paradigm. S-ketamine, but not psilocybin, disrupted PE processing as expressed by a frontally disrupted MMN memory trace effect. Although both drugs produced positive-like symptoms, the extent of PE processing under placebo only correlated significantly with the severity of cognitive impairments induced by S-ketamine. Our results suggest that the NMDAR, but not the 5-HT(2A)R system, is implicated in PE processing during the MMN paradigm, and that aberrant PE signaling may contribute to the formation of cognitive impairments. The assessment of the MMN memory trace in schizophrenia may allow detecting early phases of the illness and might also serve to assess the efficacy of novel pharmacological treatments, in particular of cognitive impairments.

Indexed as

AdultCognition DisordersDouble-Blind MethodElectroencephalographyExcitatory Amino Acid AntagonistsFemaleForecastingHumansKetamineMalePlacebosPsychoses, Substance-InducedReceptors, N-Methyl-D-AspartateSchizophreniaYoung AdultExcitatory Amino Acid AntagonistsKetaminePlacebosReceptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate

Identifiers

PMID22030715
PMCPMC3280661
OpenAlexW1989324273

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.