ArticleGut2012
Postmenopausal hormone therapy and colorectal cancer risk by molecularly defined subtypes among older women.
Article in Gut, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Circulating Sex Hormone Levels and Colon Cancer Risk in Men: A Nested Case-Control Study and Meta-Analysis.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2022Pooled it
- Postmenopausal hormone therapy and colorectal cancer risk in relation to somatic KRAS mutation status among older women.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2012Trial
- Genetic risk impacts the association of menopausal hormone therapy with colorectal cancer risk.British journal of cancer · 2024Article
- SCIMP: A Novel Targeted Gene for Postmenopausal Osteoporosis Progression.Orthopaedic surgery · 2023Article
- Estrogen Receptor-β Gene Cytosine-Adenine (International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Estrogen concentration and estrogen receptor-β expression in postmenopausal colon cancer considering patient/tumor background.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2022Article
- Estrogen Receptor Beta: The Promising Biomarker and Potential Target in Metastases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Association between cardiorespiratory fitness and colorectal cancer in the UK Biobank.European journal of epidemiology · 2020Article
- Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy and Colorectal Cancer Risk by Molecularly Defined Subtypes and Tumor Location.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2020Article
- Hormone Replacement Therapy in Cancer Survivors - Review of the Literature.Pathology oncology research : POR · 2020Review
- A novel role for estrogen-induced signaling in the colorectal cancer gender bias.Irish journal of medical science · 2019Review
- Energy balance and gastrointestinal cancer: risk, interventions, outcomes and mechanisms.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2018Review
- Mendelian randomisation study of age at menarche and age at menopause and the risk of colorectal cancer.British journal of cancer · 2018Article
- Menopausal hormone therapy and colorectal cancer: a linkage between nationwide registries in Norway.BMJ open · 2017Article
- Mismatch Repair Protein hMLH1, but not hMSH2, Enhances Estrogen-Induced Apoptosis of Colon Cancer Cells.Journal of Cancer · 2017Article
- Colorectal cancer.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2015Review
- Associations between Environmental Exposures and Incident Colorectal Cancer by ESR2 Protein Expression Level in a Population-Based Cohort of Older Women.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2015Article
- Estrogen receptors and their implications in colorectal carcinogenesis.Frontiers in oncology · 2015Review
- Article
- Associations between cigarette smoking, hormone therapy, and folate intake with incident colorectal cancer by TP53 protein expression level in a population-based cohort of older women.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPostmenopausal hormone (PMH) therapy may reduce colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, but existing data are inconclusive.
objectivesTo evaluate associations between PMH therapy and incident CRC, overall and by molecularly defined subtypes, in the population-based Iowa Women's Health Study of older women.
methodsExposure data were collected from Iowa Women's Health Study participants (55-69 years) at baseline (1986). Archived, paraffin-embedded tissue specimens for 553 CRC cases were collected and analysed to determine microsatellite instability (MSI-L/MSS or MSI-H), CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP-negative or CIMP-positive) and BRAF mutation (BRAF-wildtype or BRAF-mutated) status. Multivariable Cox regression models were fit to estimate RRs and 95% CIs.
resultsPMH therapy (ever vs never use) was inversely associated with incident CRC overall (RR=0.82; 95% CI 0.72 to 0.93), with a significantly lower risk for MSI-L/MSS tumours (RR=0.75; 95% CI 0.60 to 0.94), and borderline significantly lower risks for CIMP-negative (RR=0.79; 95% CI 0.63 to 1.01) and BRAF-wildtype (RR=0.83; 95% CI 0.66 to 1.04) tumours. For PMH therapy >5 years, the subtype-specific risk estimates for MSI-L/MSS, CIMP-negative and BRAF-wildtype tumours were: RR=0.60, 95% CI 0.40 to 0.91; RR=0.68, 95% CI 0.45 to 1.03; and RR=0.70, 95% CI 0.47 to 1.05, respectively. PMH therapy was not significantly associated with the MSI-H, CIMP-positive or BRAF-mutated CRC subtypes.
conclusionsIn this prospective cohort study, PMH therapy was inversely associated with distinct molecularly defined CRC subtypes, which may be related to differential effects from oestrogen and/or progestin on heterogeneous pathways of colorectal carcinogenesis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.