ArticleBMJ (Clinical research ed.)2011
Risk of venous thromboembolism from use of oral contraceptives containing different progestogens and oestrogen doses: Danish cohort study, 2001-9.
Article in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02198677 (Randomized Trial of Cardiovascular Response to Two Manual Techniques Non-thrust Joint Manipulation of the Cervical Spine in Patients With Non-traumatic Mechanical Neck Pain.), which is not on this map. Cited by 159 papers, 15 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Randomized Trial of Cardiovascular Response to Two Manual Techniques Non-thrust Joint Manipulation of the Cervical Spine in Patients With Non-traumatic Mechanical Neck Pain.
Who cites it
159 citing papers in PubMed, 15 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 597 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- U.S. Selected Practice Recommendations for Contraceptive Use, 2024.MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports · 2024Guideline
- Contraceptive counselling and uptake of contraception among women with cardiovascular diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2024Pooled it
- Are natural estrogens used in contraception at lower risk of venous thromboembolism than synthetic ones? A systematic literature review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Pooled it
- Diminished Ovarian Reserve in Endometriosis: Insights from In Vitro, In Vivo, and Human Studies-A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Pharmaceuticals targeting signaling pathways of endometriosis as potential new medical treatment: A review.Medicinal research reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Risk of Venous Thromboembolism in Transgender People Undergoing Hormone Feminizing Therapy: A Prevalence Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression Study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Pooled it
- A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Adverse Effects of Levonorgestrel Emergency Oral Contraceptive.Clinical drug investigation · 2020Pooled it
- Association between progestin-only contraceptive use and cardiometabolic outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of preventive cardiology · 2018Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of venous thrombosis risk among users of combined oral contraception.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2018Pooled it
- A systematic review of cost-effectiveness analysis of screening interventions for assessing the risk of venous thromboembolism in women considering combined oral contraceptives.Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis · 2017Pooled it
- Progestin-only contraception and thromboembolism: A systematic review.Contraception · 2016Pooled it
- Combined oral contraceptives: venous thrombosis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2014Pooled it
- Different combined oral contraceptives and the risk of venous thrombosis: systematic review and network meta-analysis.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2013Pooled it
- Assessing the risk of venous thromboembolic events in women taking progestin-only contraception: a meta-analysis.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2012Pooled it
- Estetrol-Drospirenone combination oral contraceptive: a clinical study of contraceptive efficacy, bleeding pattern and safety in Europe and Russia.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2022Trial
- Multicenter, phase III trials on the contraceptive efficacy, tolerability and safety of a new drospirenone-only pill.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2019Trial
- Inhibition of ovulation by administration of estetrol in combination with drospirenone or levonorgestrel: Results of a phase II dose-finding pilot study.The European journal of contraception & reproductive health care : the official journal of the European Society of Contraception · 2015Trial
- Multinational, multicentre, randomised, open-label study evaluating the impact of a 91-day extended regimen combined oral contraceptive, compared with two 28-day traditional combined oral contraceptives, on haemostatic parameters in healthy women.The European journal of contraception & reproductive health care : the official journal of the European Society of Contraception · 2014Trial
- Computer-assisted provision of hormonal contraception in acute care settings.Contraception · 2013Trial
99 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo assess the risk of venous thromboembolism from use of combined oral contraceptives according to progestogen type and oestrogen dose.
designNational historical registry based cohort study.
settingFour registries in Denmark.
participantsNon-pregnant Danish women aged 15-49 with no history of thrombotic disease and followed from January 2001 to December 2009.
main outcome measuresRelative and absolute risks of first time venous thromboembolism.
resultsWithin 8,010,290 women years of observation, 4307 first ever venous thromboembolic events were recorded and 4246 included, among which 2847 (67%) events were confirmed as certain. Compared with non-users of hormonal contraception, the relative risk of confirmed venous thromboembolism in users of oral contraceptives containing 30-40 µg ethinylestradiol with levonorgestrel was 2.9 (95% confidence interval 2.2 to 3.8), with desogestrel was 6.6 (5.6 to 7.8), with gestodene was 6.2 (5.6 to 7.0), and with drospirenone was 6.4 (5.4 to 7.5). With users of oral contraceptives with levonorgestrel as reference and after adjusting for length of use, the rate ratio of confirmed venous thromboembolism for users of oral contraceptives with desogestrel was 2.2 (1.7 to 3.0), with gestodene was 2.1 (1.6 to 2.8), and with drospirenone was 2.1 (1.6 to 2.8). The risk of confirmed venous thromboembolism was not increased with use of progestogen only pills or hormone releasing intrauterine devices. If oral contraceptives with desogestrel, gestodene, or drospirenone are anticipated to increase the risk of venous thromboembolism sixfold and those with levonorgestrel threefold, and the absolute risk of venous thromboembolism in current users of the former group is on average 10 per 10,000 women years, then 2000 women would need to shift from using oral contraceptives with desogestrel, gestodene, or drospirenone to those with levonorgestrel to prevent one event of venous thromboembolism in one year.
conclusionAfter adjustment for length of use, users of oral contraceptives with desogestrel, gestodene, or drospirenone were at least at twice the risk of venous thromboembolism compared with users of oral contraceptives with levonorgestrel.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.