ArticleBiomacromolecules2011
Cytotoxicity of free versus multilayered polyelectrolytes.
Article in Biomacromolecules, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Carboxymethyl kappa-carrageenan polyelectrolyte multilayers: anticoagulant blood-compatible coatings as sustainable alternatives to heparin for blood-contacting surfaces.Research square · 2025Article
- Carboxymethyl kappa carrageenan polyelectrolyte multilayers as blood contacting surfaces.Discover biotechnology · 2025Article
- Fabrication of ACP-CCS-PVA composite membrane for a potential application in guided bone regeneration.RSC advances · 2023Article
- Cytostatic Effects of Polyethyleneimine Surfaces on the Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Cycle.Polymers · 2022Article
- Gold nanoparticles disrupt actin organization and pulmonary endothelial barriers.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Simple Nanoparticles from the Assembly of Cationic Polymer and Antigen as Immunoadjuvants.Vaccines · 2020Article
- Extracellular pH imaging of a plant leaf with a polyelectrolyte multilayered nanosheet.RSC advances · 2018Article
- Cell surface engineering and application in cell delivery to heart diseases.Journal of biological engineering · 2018Review
- Collective epithelial cell sheet adhesion and migration on polyelectrolyte multilayers with uniform and gradients of compliance.Experimental cell research · 2016Article
- Cell durotaxis on polyelectrolyte multilayers with photogenerated gradients of modulus.Biomacromolecules · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The cytotoxicity of polyelectrolytes commonly employed for layer-by-layer deposition of polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMUs) was assessed using rat smooth muscle A7r5 and human osteosarcoma U-2 OS cells. Cell growth, viability, and metabolic assays were used to compare the responses of both cell lines to poly(acrylic acid), PAA, and poly(allylamine hydrochloride), PAH, in solution at concentrations up to 10 mM and to varying thicknesses of (PAA/PAH) PEMUs. Cytotoxicity correlated with increasing concentration of solution polyelectrolytes for both cell types and was greater for the positively charged PAH than for the negatively charged PAA. While metabolism and proliferation of both cell types was slower on PEMUs than on tissue culture plastic, little evidence for direct toxicity on cells was observed. In fact, evidence for more extensive adhesion and cytoskeletal organization was observed with PAH-terminated PEMUs. Differences in cell activity and viability on different thickness PEMU surfaces resulted primarily from differences in attachment for these adhesion-dependent cell lines.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.