ArticleMolecular vision2011
Toll-like receptor 2-mediated NF-κB inflammatory responses in dry eye associated with cGVHD.
Article in Molecular vision, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- PFKFB3-Mediated Glycolytic Metabolic Reprogramming Regulates Inflammatory Response in Dry Eye Disease.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Cascade of Inflammatory, Fibrotic Processes, and Stress-Induced Senescence in Chronic GVHD-Related Dry Eye Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Tear Proteomic Predictive Biomarker Model for Ocular Graft Versus Host Disease Classification.Translational vision science & technology · 2020Observational
- Article
- MyD88 Deficiency Protects Against Dry Eye-Induced Damage.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2018Article
- Dry eye syndrome: developments and lifitegrast in perspective.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2018Review
- Toll-like receptor 2 downregulates the cholesterol efflux by activating the nuclear factor-κB pathway in macrophages and may be a potential therapeutic target for the prevention of atherosclerosis.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2018Article
- Predictive models for ocular chronic graft-versus-host disease diagnosis and disease activity in transplant clinical practice.Haematologica · 2015Observational
- The alterations of ocular surface metabolism and the related immunity inflammation in dry eye.Advances in ophthalmology practice and researchReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeDry eye syndrome is one of the most common pathological manifestations in patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD). When dry eye occurs in association with cGVHD, the local inflammation is secondary to the systemic onset of inflammation. Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) signaling is thought to be essential for the inflammatory response and for immune disorders. The aim of this study was to explore whether the TLR2-mediated nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway contributes to the inflammatory process of dry eye associated with cGVHD.
methodsTwenty patients with dry eye related to cGVHD and 20 controls were enrolled in this study. The patients with dry eye associated with cGVHD were diagnosed based on the clinical presentation and related ocular surface examinations such as Schirmer's test and fluorescein staining. In addition, dry eye symptom scoring (National Institutes of Health consensus criteria) and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) scoring were also evaluated in all patients. Peripheral blood was collected from the patients and the controls for subsequent experiments. mRNA levels of TLR2 and its downstream molecules, NF-κB and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, were measured by quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR). The protein level of TNF-α was detected by Enzyme-linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA).
resultsTLR2 mRNA in the peripheral blood from patients with dry eye related to cGVHD increased significantly compared with the controls. NF-κB, the downstream target of TLR2, also showed a marked elevation. The mRNA and protein levels of TNF-α were significantly upregulated in these patients. Importantly, the TLR2 level was strongly correlated with the OSDI and the Schirmer's test (r=0.565, p=0.010<0.05; r=0.564, p=0.016<0.05) in dry eye related to cGVHD compared with the controls.
conclusionsThe TLR2-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway is activated in dry eye associated with cGVHD and contributes to the inflammatory state, which may predict the onset and progression of dry eye associated with cGVHD.
Indexed as
Identifiers
22025895PMC3198500W2146415088What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.