ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2011
Ribosomal frameshifting into an overlapping gene in the 2B-encoding region of the cardiovirus genome.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Review
- Article
- The EMCV protein 2B* is required for efficient cell lysis via both caspase-3-dependent and -independent pathways during infection.The Journal of general virology · 2025Article
- Picornavirus Evolution: Genomes Encoding Multiple 2AViruses · 2024Article
- Comprehensive Elucidation of the Role of L and 2A Security Proteins on Cell Death during EMCV Infection.Viruses · 2024Article
- Structural and Functional Insights into Viral Programmed Ribosomal Frameshifting.Annual review of virology · 2023Review
- Generation of a recombinant Saffold Virus expressing UnaG as a marker for the visualization of viral infection.Virology journal · 2023Article
- A novel ambigrammatic mycovirus, PsV5, works hand in glove with wheat stripe rust fungus to facilitate infection.Plant communications · 2023Article
- Article
- Identification and Full Genome Analysis of the First Putative Virus of Sea Buckthorn (Microorganisms · 2022Article
- Review
- Article
- Insights from structural studies of the cardiovirus 2A protein.Bioscience reports · 2022Review
- Thinking Outside the Frame: Impacting Genomes Capacity by Programmed Ribosomal Frameshifting.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2022Review
- Structural and molecular basis for Cardiovirus 2A protein as a viral gene expression switch.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Investigating molecular mechanisms of 2A-stimulated ribosomal pausing and frameshifting in Theilovirus.Nucleic acids research · 2021Article
- Article
- The long-lasting enigma of polycytidine (polyC) tract.PLoS pathogens · 2021Review
- From Recoding to Peptides for MHC Class I Immune Display: Enriching Viral Expression, Virus Vulnerability and Virus Evasion.Viruses · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The genus Cardiovirus (family Picornaviridae) currently comprises the species Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) and Theilovirus. Cardioviruses have a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA genome that encodes a large polyprotein (L-1ABCD-2ABC-3ABCD) that is cleaved to produce approximately 12 mature proteins. We report on a conserved ORF that overlaps the 2B-encoding sequence of EMCV in the +2 reading frame. The ORF is translated as a 128-129 amino acid transframe fusion (2B*) with the N-terminal 11-12 amino acids of 2B, via ribosomal frameshifting at a conserved GGUUUUY motif. Mutations that knock out expression of 2B* result in a small-plaque phenotype. Curiously, although theilovirus sequences lack a long ORF in the +2 frame at this genomic location, they maintain a conserved GGUUUUU motif just downstream of the 2A-2B junction, and a highly localized peak in conservation at polyprotein-frame synonymous sites suggests that theiloviruses also utilize frameshifting here, albeit into a very short +2-frame ORF. Unlike previous cases of programmed -1 frameshifting, here frameshifting is modulated by virus infection, thus suggesting a novel regulatory role for frameshifting in these viruses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.