ReviewBiochimica et biophysica acta2012
Cysteine cathepsins: from structure, function and regulation to new frontiers.
Review in Biochimica et biophysica acta, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 636 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
636 citing papers in PubMed, 1,333 citations in OpenAlex.
- Protective Effects of the Phytocystatin CaneCPI‑5 on Periodontal Ligament Cell Osteogenic Activity and Alveolar Bone Loss under Inflammatory Challenge.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2026Article
- mRAVE governs lysosomal catabolism through basal and mTORC1-regulated V-ATPase assembly.The EMBO journal · 2026Article
- Cathepsin Family Proteases in Prodrug Design: Recent Advances.ChemMedChem · 2026Review
- MIF-MAPMS: Enhancing identification of myelin autoantigenic peptides in multiple sclerosis through multimodal information fusion.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2026Article
- Article
- Engineering Cathepsin S Selective Chemical Probes and Antibody-Drug Conjugates through Substrate Profiling with Unnatural Amino Acids.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2026Article
- Evaluation of Darifenacin for T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Selective Targeting of the Non-Neuronal Cholinergic System and Lysosomal Cathepsins.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Wavelength-Specific Transcriptomic Responses ofInsects · 2026Article
- Glial Cysteine Cathepsins: From Homeostasis to Neurodegeneration.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Proteolysis at the extracellular matrix interface: Molecular architects and regulators in health and disease.The FEBS journal · 2026Review
- Extracellular matrix and proteolysis: mechanisms driving irreversible changes and shaping cell behavior.The FEBS journal · 2026Review
- Monoterpene-Rich Nanoemulsion fromMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Targeting Cathepsin C in Cancer Metastasis: Protease Network Activation, Inflammatory Crosstalk, and Therapeutic Opportunities.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Strategies to overcome hepatic clearance of endogenous proteins - molecular and formulation approaches.RSC chemical biology · 2026Review
- The Lysosome-Cathepsin Axis in Pancreatic Cancer: Mechanisms of Stromal Remodeling, Immune Evasion, and Therapy Resistance.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Polymeric lysosome-targeting chimeras for extracellular α-synuclein degradation in Parkinson's disease.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2026Review
- Biomarkers for Early Detection of Diabetic Kidney Disease in Pediatric and Adolescent Populations: A Narrative Review.Health science reports · 2026Review
- Cruzain Inhibitors for Chagas Disease: Anticorrelated Optimisation Landscapes and the Multiparametric Path to Clinical Candidates.Chemical biology & drug design · 2026Review
- Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids: The Conversion Process from Product to Substrate.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Circulating Dipeptides in Cancer: Degradation Fragments or Functional Metabolites?International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
576 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
It is more than 50 years since the lysosome was discovered. Since then its hydrolytic machinery, including proteases and other hydrolases, has been fairly well identified and characterized. Among these are the cysteine cathepsins, members of the family of papain-like cysteine proteases. They have unique reactive-site properties and an uneven tissue-specific expression pattern. In living organisms their activity is a delicate balance of expression, targeting, zymogen activation, inhibition by protein inhibitors and degradation. The specificity of their substrate binding sites, small-molecule inhibitor repertoire and crystal structures are providing new tools for research and development. Their unique reactive-site properties have made it possible to confine the targets simply by the use of appropriate reactive groups. The epoxysuccinyls still dominate the field, but now nitriles seem to be the most appropriate "warhead". The view of cysteine cathepsins as lysosomal proteases is changing as there is now clear evidence of their localization in other cellular compartments. Besides being involved in protein turnover, they build an important part of the endosomal antigen presentation. Together with the growing number of non-endosomal roles of cysteine cathepsins is growing also the knowledge of their involvement in diseases such as cancer and rheumatoid arthritis, among others. Finally, cysteine cathepsins are important regulators and signaling molecules of an unimaginable number of biological processes. The current challenge is to identify their endogenous substrates, in order to gain an insight into the mechanisms of substrate degradation and processing. In this review, some of the remarkable advances that have taken place in the past decade are presented. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Proteolysis 50 years after the discovery of lysosome.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.