ArticlePloS one2011
Impact of the RTS,S malaria vaccine candidate on naturally acquired antibody responses to multiple asexual blood stage antigens.
Article in PloS one, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00197041 (A Study to Evaluate the Safety, Immunogenicity and Efficacy of GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals' Candidate Malaria Vaccine RTS,S/AS02A, Administered Intramuscularly According to a 0, 1 and 2 Month Vaccination Schedule in Toddlers and Children Aged 1 to 4 Years in a Malaria-endemic Region of Mozambique.), which is not on this map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Study to Evaluate the Safety, Immunogenicity and Efficacy of GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals' Candidate Malaria Vaccine RTS,S/AS02A, Administered Intramuscularly According to a 0, 1 and 2 Month Vaccination Schedule in Toddlers and Children Aged 1 to 4 Years in a Malaria-endemic Region of Mozambique.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Balanced Proinflammatory and Regulatory Cytokine Signature in Young African Children Is Associated With Lower Risk of Clinical Malaria.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2019Trial
- Trial
- Differential Patterns of IgG Subclass Responses toFrontiers in immunology · 2019Trial
- RTS,S vaccination is associated with serologic evidence of decreased exposure to Plasmodium falciparum liver- and blood-stage parasites.Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP · 2015Trial
- Impact of age of first exposure to Plasmodium falciparum on antibody responses to malaria in children: a randomized, controlled trial in Mozambique.Malaria journal · 2014Trial
- Role of malaria exposure and off-target responses on RTS,S/AS02NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Strong off-target antibody reactivity to malarial antigens induced by RTS,S/AS01E vaccination is associated with protection.JCI insight · 2022Article
- Current challenges and nanotechnology-based pharmaceutical strategies for the treatment and control of malaria.Parasite epidemiology and control · 2022Review
- Review
- RTS,S/AS01 vaccine (Mosquirix™): an overview.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2020Article
- Antibody responses to the RTS,S/AS01NPJ vaccines · 2020Article
- Induction and decay of functional complement-fixing antibodies by the RTS,S malaria vaccine in children, and a negative impact of malaria exposure.BMC medicine · 2019Article
- A seven-year study on the effect of the pre-erythrocytic malaria vaccine candidate RTS,S/AS01Wellcome open research · 2019Article
- Optimization of incubation conditions of Plasmodium falciparum antibody multiplex assays to measure IgG, IgGMalaria journal · 2018Article
- Development of quantitative suspension array assays for six immunoglobulin isotypes and subclasses to multiple Plasmodium falciparum antigens.Journal of immunological methods · 2018Article
- Host age and expression of genes involved in red blood cell invasion in Plasmodium falciparum field isolates.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Assessment of the Combined Effect of Epstein-Barr Virus andFrontiers in immunology · 2017Article
- Multiplexing detection of IgG against Plasmodium falciparum pregnancy-specific antigens.PloS one · 2017Article
- Cytoadhesion to gC1qR through Plasmodium falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein 1 in Severe Malaria.PLoS pathogens · 2016Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPartial protective efficacy lasting up to 43 months after vaccination with the RTS,S malaria vaccine has been reported in one cohort (C1) of a Phase IIb trial in Mozambique, but waning efficacy was observed in a smaller contemporaneous cohort (C2). We hypothesized that low dose exposure to asexual stage parasites resulting from partial pre-erythrocytic protection afforded by RTS,S may contribute to long-term vaccine efficacy to clinical disease, which was not observed in C2 due to intense active detection of infection and treatment. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL
findingsSerum collected 6 months post-vaccination was screened for antibodies to asexual blood stage antigens AMA-1, MSP-1(42), EBA-175, DBL-α and variant surface antigens of the R29 laboratory strain (VSA(R29)). Effect of IgG on the prospective hazard of clinical malaria was estimated. No difference was observed in antibody levels between RTS,S and control vaccine when all children aged 1-4 years at enrollment in both C1 and C2 were analyzed together, and no effects were observed between cohort and vaccine group. RTS,S-vaccinated children <2 years of age at enrollment had lower levels of IgG for AMA-1 and MSP-1(42) (p<0.01, all antigens), while no differences were observed in children ≥2 years. Lower risk of clinical malaria was associated with high IgG to EBA-175 and VSA(R29) in C2 only (Hazard Ratio [HR]: 0.76, 95% CI 0.66-0.88; HR: 0.75, 95% CI 0.62-0.92, respectively).
conclusionsVaccination with RTS,S modestly reduces anti-AMA-1 and anti-MSP-1 antibodies in very young children. However, for antigens associated with lower risk of clinical malaria, there were no vaccine group or cohort-specific effects, and age did not influence antibody levels between treatment groups for these antigens. The antigens tested do not explain the difference in protective efficacy in C1 and C2. Other less-characterized antigens or VSA may be important to protection.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT00197041.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.