Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22021740›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2011

Systematic review of genome-wide expression studies in multiple sclerosis.

A K Kemppinen, J Kaprio, A Palotie, J Saarela

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
56citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.7field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

56 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 108 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Integrated multi-omics and machine learning prioritize key immune genes for multiple sclerosis risk prediction.Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society · 2026
    Article
  5. Multiple sclerosis: molecular pathogenesis and therapeutic intervention.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Natural killer cells in multiple sclerosis: foe or friends?Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2025
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Blood-based untargeted metabolomics in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis revealed the testable therapeutic target.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

A K KemppinenInstitute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
J Kaprio
A Palotie
J Saarela
University of Helsinki · FIInstitute for Molecular Medicine Finland · FIUniversity of Cambridge · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background Although recent genome-wide association studies have identified several genetic variants contributing to the complex aetiology of multiple sclerosis (MS), expression and functional studies are required to further understand its molecular basis. Objectives To identify genes and pathways with differential expression in MS. Design The authors conducted a systematic review of seven microarray studies, in which expression in immune cells was compared between MS patients and controls. These studies include a previously unpublished study, which is described here in detail. Results and conclusion Although in general the overlap between studies was poor, 229 genes were found to be differentially expressed in MS in at least two studies, of which 11 were in three studies and HSPA1A in four studies. After excluding the authors' unpublished experiment which may have been affected by certain confounding factors and inclusion of treated subjects, 135 genes were identified in at least two studies. The differentially expressed genes were significantly associated with several immunological pathways, including interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, IL-17 and glucocorticoid receptor signalling pathways. 15 of the 229 loci have shown some association with MS in published genome-wide association studies (p<0.0001), including three loci with confirmed MS risk variants.

Identifiers

PMID22021740
PMCPMC3191406
OpenAlexW2167076333

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.