ArticlePsycho-oncology2013
Effect of socioeconomic status as measured by education level on survival in breast cancer clinical trials.
Article in Psycho-oncology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Cardiometabolic measures and cognition in early menopause - Analysis of baseline data from a randomized controlled trial.Maturitas · 2022Trial
- Are we Optimizing Multidisciplinary Care when it Matters Most? Evaluating Psychosocial Involvement in Critical Conversations in a Pediatric Oncology Clinic.Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings · 2026Article
- Area deprivation index and breast cancer outcomes among patients in Western New York.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2025Article
- The association between education and premature mortality in the Chinese population: a 10-year cohort study.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2024Article
- Evaluation Factors Affecting on Recurrence, Metastasis, and Survival of Breast Cancer in Iranian Women by Multi-State Model Approach.Iranian journal of public health · 2023Article
- Article
- Cross-Sectional Analysis of Clinical Trial Availability and North Carolina Neighborhood Social Vulnerability.JCO oncology practice · 2023Article
- Predictors of adverse gambling behaviours amongst elite athletes.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Review
- Association of Breast Tumour Expression of Cannabinoid Receptors CBR1 and CBR2 with Prognostic Factors and Survival in Breast Cancer Patients.Journal of personalized medicine · 2021Article
- Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Survival after Breast Cancer Diagnosis by Estrogen and Progesterone Receptor Status: A Pooled Analysis.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2021Article
- Survival of Black and White Patients With Stage IV Small Cell Lung Cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Article
- Relationship of Socio Economic Status, Income, and Education with the Survival Rate of Breast Cancer: A Meta-Analysis.Iranian journal of public health · 2019Review
- Racial/ethnic differences in survival for patients with gliosarcoma: an analysis of the National cancer database.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2019Article
- Literature review of data-based models for identification of factors associated with racial disparities in breast cancer mortality.Health systems (Basingstoke, England) · 2019Review
- Disparities in Breast Cancer Survival by Socioeconomic Status Despite Medicare and Medicaid Insurance.The Milbank quarterly · 2018Article
- Association of low socioeconomic status and physician assessment of disease severity with oral health-related quality of life in patients with systemic sclerosis: a pilot study from Croatia, a country in transition.The Journal of international medical research · 2018Article
- Education Level Is a Strong Prognosticator in the Subgroup Aged More Than 50 Years Regardless of the Molecular Subtype of Breast Cancer: A Study Based on the Nationwide Korean Breast Cancer Registry Database.Cancer research and treatment · 2017Article
- Relationship of Social Determinants of Health with the Three-year Survival Rate of Breast CancerAsian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThis paper aims to investigate the effect of socioeconomic status, as measured by education, on the survival of breast cancer patients treated on 10 studies conducted by the Cancer and Leukemia Group B.
methodsSociodemographic data, including education, were reported by the patient at trial enrollment. Cox proportional hazards model stratified by treatment arm/study was used to examine the effect of education on survival among patients with early stage and metastatic breast cancer, after adjustment for known prognostic factors.
resultsThe patient population included 1020 patients with metastatic disease and 5146 patients with early stage disease. Among metastatic patients, factors associated with poorer survival in the final multivariable model included African American race, never married, negative estrogen receptor status, prior hormonal therapy, visceral involvement, and bone involvement. Among early stage patients, significant factors associated with poorer survival included African American race, separated/widowed, post/perimenopausal, negative/unknown estrogen receptor status, negative progesterone receptor status, >4 positive nodes, tumor diameter >2 cm, and education. Having not completed high school was associated with poorer survival among early stage patients. Among metastatic patients, non-African American women who lacked a high school degree had poorer survival than other non-African American women, and African American women who lacked a high school education had better survival than educated African American women.
conclusionsHaving less than a high school education is a risk factor for death among patients with early stage breast cancer who participated in a clinical trial, with its impact among metastatic patients being less clear. Post-trial survivorship plans need to focus on women with low social status, as measured by education.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.