ArticleBMC medical education2011
Family medicine graduates' perceptions of intimidation, harassment, and discrimination during residency training.
Article in BMC medical education, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed.
- Gender and Racial Discrimination During Residency Training: Scoping Review.JMIR medical education · 2026Article
- Struggling with Discrimination: An Intersectional Exploration of Why Unequal Social Relations Persist in Residency Training Programs.Perspectives on medical education · 2026Article
- Experiences of bullying and harassment, including sexual harassment, amongst ENT trainees in the UK: survey findings.The Journal of laryngology and otology · 2025Article
- Burnout syndrome and psychological workplace violence among Peruvian physicians: a cross-sectional study.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Is it Retaliation or Remediation? Educating Our Learners on the Difference.HCA healthcare journal of medicine · 2025Article
- Moral harassment and mental health in medical residents: a longitudinal study.Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999) · 2025Article
- The association between adverse practice experiences and residency trainee occupational burnout.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Perceptions of lecturers and students regarding discriminatory experiences and sexual harassment in academic medicine - results from a faculty-wide quantitative study.BMC medical education · 2024Article
- Perpetrators of gender-based workplace violence amongst nurses and physicians-A scoping review of the literature.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- A gender-based review of workplace violence amongst the global health workforce-A scoping review of the literature.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Intimidation or harassment among family medicine residents in Saskatchewan: a cross-sectional survey.Canadian medical education journal · 2023Article
- Endured and prevailed: a phenomenological study of doctors' first year of clinical practice.BMC medical education · 2023Article
- Designing the learning of intraprofessional collaboration among medical residents.Medical education · 2022Article
- Exploring power dynamics and their impact on intraprofessional learning.Medical education · 2022Article
- Patient mistreatment of health care professionals.BMC medical education · 2022Article
- A National Cross-Sectional Survey of Bullying in Syrian Graduate Medical Education.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Workplace Bullying Among Junior Doctors in Malaysia: A Multicentre Cross-Sectional Study.The Malaysian journal of medical sciences : MJMS · 2021Article
- Intimidation, harassment, and discrimination during family medicine residency training: a mixed methods study.BMC medical education · 2021Article
- Challenges and Obstacles Faced by Trainee Female Physicians: An Integrative Research on Gender Discrimination, Stress, Depression and Harassment.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Using Forum Theater as a Teaching Tool to Combat Patient Bias Directed Toward Health Care Professionals.MedEdPORTAL : the journal of teaching and learning resources · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDespite there being considerable literature documenting learner distress and perceptions of mistreatment in medical education settings, these concerns have not been explored in-depth in Canadian family medicine residency programs. The purpose of the study was to examine intimidation, harassment and/or discrimination (IHD) as reported by Alberta family medicine graduates during their two-year residency program.
methodsA retrospective questionnaire survey was conducted of all (n = 377) family medicine graduates from the University of Alberta and University of Calgary who completed residency training during 2001-2005. The frequency, type, source, and perceived basis of IHD were examined by gender, age, and Canadian vs international medical graduate. Descriptive data analysis (frequency, crosstabs), Chi-square, Fisher's Exact test, analysis of variance, and logistic regression were used as appropriate.
resultsOf 377 graduates, 242 (64.2%) responded to the survey, with 44.7% reporting they had experienced IHD while a resident. The most frequent type of IHD experienced was in the form of inappropriate verbal comments (94.3%), followed by work as punishment (27.6%). The main sources of IHD were specialist physicians (77.1%), hospital nurses (54.3%), specialty residents (45.7%), and patients (35.2%). The primary basis for IHD was perceived to be gender (26.7%), followed by ethnicity (16.2%), and culture (9.5%). A significantly greater proportion of males (38.6%) than females (20.0%) experienced IHD in the form of work as punishment. While a similar proportion of Canadian (46.1%) and international medical graduates (IMGs) (41.0%) experienced IHD, a significantly greater proportion of IMGs perceived ethnicity, culture, or language to be the basis of IHD.
conclusionsPerceptions of IHD are prevalent among family medicine graduates. Residency programs should explicitly recognize and robustly address all IHD concerns.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.