ArticleJournal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry2012
Vapor treatment of electrospray droplets: evidence for the folding of initially denatured proteins on the sub-millisecond time-scale.
Article in Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- FlexESI: An Automated Vapor-Switching Interface for Enhanced Flexibility and Sensitivity in Electrospray Ionization.ACS measurement science au · 2025Article
- Precursor Resolution via Ion Z-State Manipulation: A Tandem Mass Spectrometry Approach for the Analysis of Mixtures of Multiply-Charged Ions.Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS · 2025Review
- Top-Down Analysis of In-Source HDX of Native Protein Ions.Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry · 2020Article
- High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Study of the Bio-Oil Samples Produced by Thermal Liquefaction of Microalgae in Different Solvents.Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry · 2019Article
- Joule Heating and Thermal Denaturation of Proteins in Nano-ESI Theta Tips.Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry · 2017Article
- CID fragmentation, H/D exchange and supermetallization of Barnase-Barstar complex.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Isolating Protein Charge State Reduction in Electrospray Droplets Using Femtosecond Laser Vaporization.Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry · 2017Article
- Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry Reveals Highly-Compact Intermediates in the Collision Induced Dissociation of Charge-Reduced Protein Complexes.Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry · 2016Article
- Investigating protein folding and unfolding in electrospray nanodrops upon rapid mixing using theta-glass emitters.Analytical chemistry · 2015Article
- On-line desalting of crude oil in the source region of a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer.Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry · 2014Article
- Electrothermal supercharging in mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry of native proteins.Analytical chemistry · 2013Article
- Electrospray ionization-induced protein unfolding.Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry · 2012Article
- Basic vapor exposure for tuning the charge state distribution of proteins in negative electrospray ionization: elucidation of mechanisms by fluorescence spectroscopy.Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The exposure of electrospray droplets generated from either highly acidic or highly basic solutions to basic or acidic vapors, respectively, admitted into the counter-current drying gas, has been shown to lead to significant changes in the observed charge state distributions of proteins. In both cases, distributions of charge states changed from relatively high charge states, indicative of largely denatured proteins, to lower charge state distributions that are more consistent with native protein conformations. Ubiquitin, cytochrome c, myoglobin, and carbonic anhydrase were used as model systems. In some cases, bimodal distributions were observed that are not noted under any solution pH conditions. The extent to which changes in charge state distributions occur depends upon the initial solution pH and the pK(a) or pK(b) of the acidic or basic reagent, respectively. The evolution of charged droplets in the sampling region of the mass spectrometer inlet aperture, where the vapor exposure takes place, occurs within roughly 1 ms. The observed changes in the spectra, therefore, are a function of the magnitude of the pH change as well as the rates at which the proteins can respond to this change. The exposure of electrospray droplets in this fashion may provide means for accessing transient folding states for further characterization by mass spectrometry.
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