ReviewNature reviews. Neuroscience2011
Dysfunction of the prefrontal cortex in addiction: neuroimaging findings and clinical implications.
Review in Nature reviews. Neuroscience, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 1,381 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Efficacy of Suvorexant in the Residential Treatment of Patients With Substance Use Disorder and Insomnia: A Pilot Open Trial
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Inhibitory Control in Addictions: a Triple-blinded, Sham-controlled Clinical Trial.
Who cites it
1,381 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 2,656 citations in OpenAlex.
- Striato-limbic and frontoparietal dysfunction underlying imbalance of reward-motivation and cognitive control in compulsive sexual behaviour disorder: A neuroimaging meta-analysis.Journal of behavioral addictions · 2026Pooled it
- Brain Structural Abnormalities in Addiction Disorders: Transdiagnostic Meta-Analyses.Human brain mapping · 2026Pooled it
- The association between chronic alcohol, cannabis, and opioids use and autobiographical memory impairments: a systematic review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Functional Connectivity Disruptions in Grey Matter Volume-Altered Brain Regions Among Male Smokers: A Neuroimaging Study.Addiction biology · 2025Pooled it
- Systematic review of symptom-level networks of alcohol use disorder.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Common and distinct patterns of brain activity alterations during inhibitory control in depression and psychostimulant users: a comparative meta-analysis of task-based fMRI studies.Psychological medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Common neural patterns of substance use disorder: a seed-based resting-state functional connectivity meta-analysis.Translational psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- DLPFC rTMS is more effective than sham or orbitofrontal stimulation for smoking cessation and alters frontal brain activity: A double-blind, sham-controlled randomized clinical trial.Journal of psychiatric research · 2026Trial
- Anti-saccade error rates are associated with somatic depressive symptoms in cocaine use disorder.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2026Trial
- Transcutaneous Cervical Vagus Nerve Stimulation Modulates Prefrontal Cortex Activity During Opioid Withdrawal in Individuals With Opioid Use Disorder.Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2025Trial
- The Effect of N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) on Neurometabolites and Cognitive Function in Adults With Alcohol Use Disorder: A Preliminary Randomized Controlled Trial.Neuropsychopharmacology reports · 2025Trial
- The synergy of methylphenidate- and reconsolidation-based extinction normalizes ventromedial prefrontal function in drug addiction.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Trial
- Blunted anterior midcingulate response to reward in opioid users is normalized by prefrontal transcranial magnetic stimulation.Translational psychiatry · 2025Trial
- Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex on craving and negative emotion regulation in individuals at risk for problematic pornography use: A double-blind, placebo-controlled study.Journal of behavioral addictions · 2025Trial
- Telehealth tDCS to reduce cannabis use: A pilot RCT in multiple sclerosis as a framework for generalized use.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Trial
- Cue-induced inhibitory control in forensic patients with alcohol use disorder: A link to criminal recidivism risk assessed by factor 2 psychopathy.Addictive behaviors reports · 2026Article
- Investigating functional connectivity differences during food vs. monetary reward processing across appetitive phenotypes of major depressive disorder.Journal of affective disorders · 2026Article
- Orbitofrontal-ventral striatal coupling: A model of the neurobehavioral architecture of craving in substance use disorders.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2026Review
- Adolescent-onset regular cannabis use is associated with altered neural and behavioural responses during anticipation and feedback of monetary reward and loss.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- A trans-therapeutic signature of recovery in internet gaming disorder: From shared network reorganization to molecular underpinnings.Journal of behavioral addictions · 2026Article
1,321 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The loss of control over drug intake that occurs in addiction was initially believed to result from disruption of subcortical reward circuits. However, imaging studies in addictive behaviours have identified a key involvement of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) both through its regulation of limbic reward regions and its involvement in higher-order executive function (for example, self-control, salience attribution and awareness). This Review focuses on functional neuroimaging studies conducted in the past decade that have expanded our understanding of the involvement of the PFC in drug addiction. Disruption of the PFC in addiction underlies not only compulsive drug taking but also accounts for the disadvantageous behaviours that are associated with addiction and the erosion of free will.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.