ArticleVaccine2011
Increasing vaccine potency through exosome antigen targeting.
Article in Vaccine, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 105 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
105 citing papers in PubMed, 198 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advancing Extracellular Vesicle Research: A Review of Systems Biology and Multiomics Perspectives.Proteomics · 2026Review
- Harnessing Nanocarriers to Advance Vaccine Development.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2026Review
- Bioengineered Extracellular Vesicles in Emerging Cancer Vaccine Platforms.Small science · 2025Review
- Exosomes: Traversing the blood-brain barrier and their therapeutic potential in brain cancer.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Reviews on cancer · 2025Review
- Unlocking the Potential of Extracellular Vesicles in Cardiovascular Disease.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Vaccines targetingHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Article
- Exosomes with Engineered Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor on Their Surfaces Can Proliferate Menstrual Blood Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Targeted Delivery for a Protein Drug.The protein journal · 2024Article
- Human Cytomegalovirus Oncoprotection across Diverse Populations, Tumor Histologies, and Age Groups: The Relevance for Prospective Vaccinal Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells: the wine in Hebe's hands to treat skin aging.Precision clinical medicine · 2024Review
- CEA vaccines.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Review
- Exosomes: a potential diagnostic and treatment modality in the quest for counteracting cancer.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2023Review
- TurboID-EV: Proteomic Mapping of Recipient Cellular Proteins Proximal to Small Extracellular Vesicles.Analytical chemistry · 2023Article
- Therapeutic Potential of Extracellular Vesicles from Different Stem Cells in Chronic Wound Healing.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2023Review
- Article
- Bioengineered Mesenchymal-Stromal-Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as an Improved Drug Delivery System: Methods and Applications.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Exosome-Based Carrier for RNA Delivery: Progress and Challenges.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Exosomes multifunctional roles in HIV-1: insight into the immune regulation, vaccine development and current progress in delivery system.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Function and clinical application of exosome-how to improve tumor immunotherapy?Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Review
- Tumor-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Cancer Immunoediting and Their Potential as Oncoimmunotherapeutics.Cancers · 2022Review
- The Therapeutic Potential and Clinical Significance of Exosomes as Carriers of Drug Delivery System.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
45 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
While many tumor associated antigens (TAAs) have been identified in human cancers, efforts to develop efficient TAA "cancer vaccines" using classical vaccine approaches have been largely ineffective. Recently, a process to specifically target proteins to exosomes has been established which takes advantage of the ability of the factor V like C1C2 domain of lactadherin to specifically address proteins to exosomes. Using this approach, we hypothesized that TAAs could be targeted to exosomes to potentially increase their immunogenicity, as exosomes have been demonstrated to traffic to antigen presenting cells (APC). To investigate this possibility, we created adenoviral vectors expressing the extracellular domain (ECD) of two non-mutated TAAs often found in tumors of cancer patients, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and HER2, and coupled them to the C1C2 domain of lactadherin. We found that these C1C2 fusion proteins had enhanced expression in exosomes in vitro. We saw significant improvement in antigen specific immune responses to each of these antigens in naïve and tolerant transgenic animal models and could further demonstrate significantly enhanced therapeutic anti-tumor effects in a human HER2+ transgenic animal model. These findings demonstrate that the mode of secretion and trafficking can influence the immunogenicity of different human TAAs, and may explain the lack of immunogenicity of non-mutated TAAs found in cancer patients. They suggest that exosomal targeting could enhance future anti-tumor vaccination protocols. This targeting exosome process could also be adapted for the development of more potent vaccines in some viral and parasitic diseases where the classical vaccine approach has demonstrated limitations.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.