ArticleSchizophrenia research2011
Advanced paternal and grandpaternal age and schizophrenia: a three-generation perspective.
Article in Schizophrenia research, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 76 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intergenerational influences of paternal combat-related trauma on offspring behavioral and brain function.Neurobiology of stress · 2025Article
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- Paternal age, de novo mutation, and age at onset among co-affected schizophrenia sib-pairs: whole-genome sequencing in multiplex families.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Review
- A scoping review of multigenerational impacts of grandparental exposures on mental health in grandchildren.Current environmental health reports · 2023Article
- Developmental origins of health and disease: Impact of paternal nutrition and lifestyle.Pediatric investigation · 2023Review
- Impact of Advanced Paternal Age on Fertility and Risks of Genetic Disorders in Offspring.Genes · 2023Review
- Building a family at advanced parental age: a systematic review on the risks and opportunities for parents and their offspring.Human reproduction open · 2023Review
- The impact of paternal age on new mutations and disease in the next generation.Fertility and sterility · 2022Review
- Use of Population-Level Administrative Data in Developmental Science.Annual review of developmental psychology · 2022Article
- Paternal age and 13 psychiatric disorders in the offspring: a population-based cohort study of 7 million children in Taiwan.Molecular psychiatry · 2022Article
- Paternal age and specific neurological soft signs as reliable and valid neurobiological markers for the diagnosis of patients with schizophrenia.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2022Article
- A multifactorial model for the etiology of neuropsychiatric disorders: the role of advanced paternal age.Pediatric research · 2022Review
- Advanced paternal age and risk of schizophrenia in offspring - Review of epidemiological findings and potential mechanisms.Schizophrenia research · 2021Review
- Association between paternal age and risk of schizophrenia: a nationwide population-based study.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2021Article
- Association of Grandparental and Parental Age at Childbirth With Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children.JAMA network open · 2020Article
- Parental Age and Differential Estimates of Risk for Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Findings From the Danish Birth Cohort.Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 2019Article
- Review
- Paternal Age Alters Social Development in Offspring.Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 2017Article
- Paternal age and psychiatric disorders: A review.American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics · 2017Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAdvanced paternal age has been linked with an increased risk of schizophrenia in the offspring. If age-related de novo mutations in the male germ line underlie this association, grandpaternal and paternal age would both be expected to influence the risk of schizophrenia. The aim of the current study was to explore the links between both paternal and grandpaternal age with respect to the risk of schizophrenia in a large, national register-based cohort.
methodWe linked the Swedish Multi-Generation and Hospital Discharge Registers and compared parents' ages at offspring birth for 20,582 schizophrenia-affected and 100,176 non-affected individuals. Grandparents' ages at the birth of the parent were compared between 2511 affected and 15,619 non-affected individuals. The risk of schizophrenia was examined with logistic regression when the predictor variable (parent or grandparent age) varied across age strata.
resultsAfter adjusting for maternal age, birth year and proband sex, we confirmed that offspring of older fathers had an increased risk of schizophrenia. Compared to those with paternal age 20-24years, those with fathers >55years had a two-fold increased risk of schizophrenia. With respect to grandparent age, older maternal (but not paternal) grandfather age was associated with an increased risk of schizophrenia. Compared to maternal grandfather age 20-24years, those with maternal grandfathers >55years had a significantly increased risk of schizophrenia (adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals; 2.79, 1.71-4.56). The pattern of results was essentially unchanged when we examined male and female probands separately.
conclusionThis is the first study to report an association between grandpaternal age and risk of schizophrenia. The selective effect of advanced maternal grandfather age suggests that the biological mechanisms involving the X-chromosome may differentially contribute to the association between paternal age and offspring risk of schizophrenia.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.