ReviewCurrent HIV research2011
Universal testing and treatment as an HIV prevention strategy: research questions and methods.
Review in Current HIV research, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01900977 (Population Effects of Antiretroviral Therapy to Reduce HIV Transmission), which is not on this map. Cited by 42 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Population Effects of Antiretroviral Therapy to Reduce HIV Transmission (PopART): A Cluster-randomized Trial of the Impact of a Combination Prevention Package on Population-level HIV Incidence in Zambia and South Africa
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Clinical uncertainties, health service challenges, and ethical complexities of HIV "test-and-treat": a systematic review.American journal of public health · 2013Pooled it
- Uptake of home-based voluntary HIV testing in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS medicine · 2012Pooled it
- Motivating people living with HIV to initiate antiretroviral treatment outside national guidelines in three clinics in the HPTN 071 (PopART) trial, South Africa.African journal of AIDS research : AJAR · 2021Trial
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- Can combination prevention strategies reduce HIV transmission in generalized epidemic settings in Africa? The HPTN 071 (PopART) study plan in South Africa and Zambia.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2013Trial
- Effect of home based HIV counselling and testing intervention in rural South Africa: cluster randomised trial.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2013Trial
- Insights from a trend analysis of HIV indicators using Population-based HIV Impact Assessment (PHIA) surveys in Zimbabwe.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Determinants of loss to follow-up among people living with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy in a universal test and treat setting: A retrospective cohort study in Nepal.Public health in practice (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- The effect of universal testing and treatment for HIV on health-related quality of life - An analysis of data from the HPTN 071 (PopART) cluster randomised trial.SSM - population health · 2023Article
- Effect of the "universal test and treat" policy on the characteristics of persons registering for HIV care and initiating antiretroviral therapy in Uganda.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Barriers to HIV care in Uganda and implications for universal test-and-treat: a qualitative study.AIDS care · 2022Article
- Prevalence and associated factors of intestinal parasitic infections among HIV clients attending Masaka Regional Referral Hospital, Uganda.The Pan African medical journal · 2022Article
- The influence of smoking and HIV infection on pulmonary function.Southern African journal of HIV medicine · 2022Article
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- Targeted HIV screening in the emergency department.Internal and emergency medicine · 2021Review
- Estimates of the Time From Seroconversion to Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation Among People Newly Diagnosed With Human Immunodeficiency Virus From 2006 to 2015, New York City.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Article
- Level of adult client satisfaction with clinic flow time and services of an integrated non-communicable disease-HIV testing services clinic in Soweto, South Africa: a cross-sectional study.BMC health services research · 2020Article
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Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Achieving high coverage of antiretroviral treatment (ART) in resource-poor settings will become increasingly difficult unless HIV incidence can be reduced substantially. Universal voluntary counselling and testing followed by immediate initiation of ART for all those diagnosed HIV-positive (universal testing and treatment, UTT) has the potential to reduce HIV incidence dramatically but would be very challenging and costly to deliver in the short term. Early modelling work in this field has been criticised for making unduly optimistic assumptions about the uptake and coverage of interventions. In future work, it is important that model parameters are realistic and based where possible on empirical data. Rigorous research evidence is needed before the UTT approach could be considered for wide-scale implementation. This paper reviews the main areas that need to be explored. We consider in turn research questions related to the provision of services for universal testing, services for immediate treatment of HIV-positives and the population-level impact of UTT, and the research methods that could be used to address these questions. Ideally, initial feasibility studies should be carried out to investigate the acceptability, feasibility and uptake of UTT services. If these studies produce promising results, there would be a strong case for a cluster-randomised trial to measure the impact of a UTT intervention on HIV incidence, and we consider the main design features of such a trial.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.