Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21998751›Full record

ArticlePloS one2011

Differentiation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells into immunoglobulin secreting cells decreases LEF-1 expression.

Albert Gutierrez, Bonnie K Arendt, Renee C Tschumper, Neil E Kay, Clive S Zent, Diane F Jelinek

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 19% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. RNA NExperimental & molecular medicine · 2025
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Relevance of Additional Immunohistochemical Markers in the Differential Diagnosis of Small B-Cell Lymphomas: A Case-Control StudyTurkish journal of haematology : official journal of Turkish Society of Haematology · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Albert GutierrezDepartment of Immunology, Mayo Graduate School, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America.
Bonnie K Arendt
Renee C Tschumper
Neil E Kay
Clive S Zent
Diane F Jelinek
Mayo Clinic · USPalmetto Hematology Oncology · US

Funding

Combination Therapy in B-Chronic Lymphocytic LeukemiaR01CA095241 · NCI · MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER · PI KAY, NEIL E · 2002 to 2012
$5.7M
Impact of Chemo-Immunotherapy in Relapsed/Refactory B-CLLR01CA111953 · NCI · MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER · PI KAY, NEIL E · 2006 to 2011
$2.0M
Role of the BCR in B Cell Chronic Lymphocytic LeukemiaR01CA136591 · NCI · MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER · PI JELINEK, DIANE F · 2009 to 2013
$1.5M
The Role of the Wnt Signaling Pathway in B-CLL BiologyF31CA142310 · NCI · MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER · PI GUTIERREZ, ALBERT · 2009 to 2011
$74k
NCI NIH HHS F31 CA142310NCI NIH HHS F31CA142310NCI NIH HHS R01 CA095241NCI NIH HHS R01 CA111953NCI NIH HHS R01CA111953NCI NIH HHS R01 CA136591NCI NIH HHS R01CA136591NCI NIH HHS R01CA95241
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Lymphocyte enhancer binding factor 1 (LEF-1) plays a crucial role in B lineage development and is only expressed in B cell precursors as B cell differentiation into mature B and plasma cells silences its expression. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells aberrantly express LEF-1 and its expression is required for cellular survival. We hypothesized that modification of the differentiation status of CLL cells would result in loss of LEF-1 expression and eliminate the survival advantage provided by its aberrant expression. In this study, we first established a methodology that induces CLL cells to differentiate into immunoglobulin (Ig) secreting cells (ISC) using the TLR9 agonist, CpG, together with cytokines (CpG/c). CpG/c stimulation resulted in dramatic CLL cell phenotypic and morphologic changes, expression of cytoplasmic Ig, and secretion of light chain restricted Ig. CpG/c stimulation also resulted in decreased CLL cell LEF-1 expression and increased Blimp-1 expression, which is crucial for plasma cell differentiation. Further, Wnt pathway activation and cellular survival were impaired in differentiated CLL cells compared to undifferentiated CLL cells. These data support the notion that CLL can differentiate into ISC and that this triggers decreased leukemic cell survival secondary to the down regulation of LEF-1 and decreased Wnt pathway activation.

Indexed as

Cell DifferentiationGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticAgedAged, 80 and overB-LymphocytesCell ProliferationCell SurvivalCytokinesCytoplasmFemaleHumansImmunoglobulin Light ChainsLeukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-CellLymphoid Enhancer-Binding Factor 1MaleMiddle AgedCpG ODN 2006CytokinesImmunoglobulin Light ChainsLymphoid Enhancer-Binding Factor 1OligodeoxyribonucleotidesPositive Regulatory Domain I-Binding Factor 1PRDM1 protein, humanRepressor ProteinsWnt Proteins

Identifiers

PMID21998751
PMCPMC3188588
OpenAlexW2023231916

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.