Trial reportBMJ (Clinical research ed.)2011
Effect of multidimensional lifestyle intervention on fitness and adiposity in predominantly migrant preschool children (Ballabeina): cluster randomised controlled trial.
Trial report in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00674544 (Influence of a Lifestyle Intervention in Preschool Children on Physiological and Psychological Parameters), which is not on this map. Cited by 118 papers, 44 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Influence of a Lifestyle Intervention in Preschool Children on Physiological and Psychological Parameters (Ballabeina)
Who cites it
118 citing papers in PubMed, 44 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 226 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interventions to Reduce Screen Time in Preschool-Aged Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2026Pooled it
- Assessing the effectiveness of healthy weight interventions in the early years of childhood: a systematic review and meta-analysis of evidence from high-income countries.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2026Pooled it
- The Efficacy of Interventions Targeting 24-h Movement Behaviours in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Sports medicine - open · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of intervention on screen time in preschoolers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The impact of early childhood education and care-based interventions on child physical activity, anthropometrics, fundamental movement skills, cognitive functioning, and social-emotional wellbeing: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of physical activity on anthropometric and physiological parameters in preschool and school-aged children: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- Visualization of the research landscape on the 20 m shuttle run test in the last 15 years: bibliometric analysis with VOSviewer of the most cited studies.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2025Pooled it
- Interventions to prevent obesity in children aged 5 to 11 years old.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Assessing the scalability of healthy eating interventions within the early childhood education and care setting: secondary analysis of a Cochrane systematic review.Public health nutrition · 2023Pooled it
- Healthy eating interventions delivered in early childhood education and care settings for improving the diet of children aged six months to six years.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Policy, systems, and environmental interventions addressing physical activity in early childhood education settings: A systematic review.Preventive medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Policy, system, and environmental interventions addressing obesity and diet-related outcomes in early childhood education settings: A systematic review.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2023Pooled it
- Home- and Community-Based Interventions for Physical Activity and Early Child Development: A Systematic Review of Effective Strategies.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Identifying effective intervention strategies to reduce children's screen time: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2021Pooled it
- Measurement of screen time among young children aged 0-6 years: A systematic review.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2021Pooled it
- Physical Activity, Fitness, School Readiness, and Cognition in Early Childhood: A Systematic Review.Journal of physical activity & health · 2021Pooled it
- A systematic review of the implementation of obesity prevention interventions in early childcare and education settings using the RE-AIM framework.Translational behavioral medicine · 2020Pooled it
- Interventions to increase the consumption of water among children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2020Pooled it
- Interventions for increasing fruit and vegetable consumption in children aged five years and under.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
58 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo test the effect of a multidimensional lifestyle intervention on aerobic fitness and adiposity in predominantly migrant preschool children.
designCluster randomised controlled single blinded trial (Ballabeina study) over one school year; randomisation was performed after stratification for linguistic region.
setting40 preschool classes in areas with a high migrant population in the German and French speaking regions of Switzerland.
participants652 of the 727 preschool children had informed consent and were present for baseline measures (mean age 5.1 years (SD 0.7), 72% migrants of multicultural origins). No children withdrew, but 26 moved away.
interventionThe multidimensional culturally tailored lifestyle intervention included a physical activity programme, lessons on nutrition, media use (use of television and computers), and sleep and adaptation of the built environment of the preschool class. It lasted from August 2008 to June 2009.
main outcome measuresPrimary outcomes were aerobic fitness (20 m shuttle run test) and body mass index (BMI). Secondary outcomes included motor agility, balance, percentage body fat, waist circumference, physical activity, eating habits, media use, sleep, psychological health, and cognitive abilities.
resultsCompared with controls, children in the intervention group had an increase in aerobic fitness at the end of the intervention (adjusted mean difference: 0.32 stages (95% confidence interval 0.07 to 0.57; P=0.01) but no difference in BMI (-0.07 kg/m(2), -0.19 to 0.06; P=0.31). Relative to controls, children in the intervention group had beneficial effects in motor agility (-0.54 s, -0.90 to -0.17; P=0.004), percentage body fat (-1.1%, -2.0 to -0.2; P=0.02), and waist circumference (-1.0 cm, -1.6 to -0.4; P=0.001). There were also significant benefits in the intervention group in reported physical activity, media use, and eating habits, but not in the remaining secondary outcomes.
conclusionsA multidimensional intervention increased aerobic fitness and reduced body fat but not BMI in predominantly migrant preschool children. Trial registration Clinical Trials NCT00674544.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.